Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of Schwann cells during peripheral nerve regeneration after injury?

Accepted Answer

They form a regeneration tube that guides the regrowing axon to its target.

Question 2

A patient presents with loss of taste sensation on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and inability to produce facial expressions. Which cranial nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Facial nerve (VII)

Question 3

Which of the following is a function of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Dilation of pupils to improve vision during stress

Question 4

Which spinal nerve pair is responsible for innervating the diaphragm and is essential for breathing?

Accepted Answer

Cervical nerve pair C3–C5

Question 5

A person is exposed to a stressful situation, resulting in increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and bronchodilation. Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for these effects in the sympathetic division?

Accepted Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 6

Which cranial nerve is responsible for carrying sensory information from the carotid arteries and is involved in swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why the parasympathetic division is called the 'rest and digest' system?

Accepted Answer

It promotes SLUDDD functions: salivation, lacrimation, urination, digestion, defecation, and decreases heart rate.

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the anatomical arrangement of neurons in the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division has short pre-ganglionic and long post-ganglionic neurons; parasympathetic has long pre-ganglionic and short post-ganglionic neurons.

Question 9

A patient has difficulty shrugging their shoulders and turning their head. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Accessory nerve (XI)

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of proprioceptors?

Accepted Answer

They detect the body’s position and movement in space.

Question 11

Which cranial nerve is the only one to extend beyond the head and neck, innervating thoracic and abdominal organs?

Accepted Answer

Vagus nerve (X)

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the sympathetic division?

Accepted Answer

Accommodation of the lens for near vision

Question 13

A person suffers a spinal cord injury at the level of T12. Which of the following functions is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal muscle control

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of nerve regeneration in the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Macrophages clean debris, Schwann cells form a regeneration tube, and axons regrow to their targets.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of cranial nerve and its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Oculomotor nerve (III) – Eye muscle movement and pupil constriction

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why you should not exercise immediately after a large meal?

Accepted Answer

Exercise activates the sympathetic division, inhibiting digestion by suppressing parasympathetic activity.

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the number of cervical spinal nerves compared to cervical vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

There are 8 cervical spinal nerves but only 7 cervical vertebrae.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between sensation and perception?

Accepted Answer

Sensation is the awareness of a stimulus; perception is the interpretation of its meaning.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the trigeminal nerve (V)?

Accepted Answer

Facial sensation and mastication (chewing)

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the effect of the parasympathetic division on the heart?

Accepted Answer

It decreases heart rate to return the body to homeostasis.

Chapter 7 (Part IV): The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) & the Autonomic Division

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards