Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of proprioceptors such as the Golgi tendon organ and muscle spindle?

Accepted Answer

They inform the brain about the position and movement of skeletal muscles and joints.

Question 2

A patient presents with numbness and tingling in the lateral forearm. Which nerve from the brachial plexus is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 3

Which connective tissue layer directly surrounds each individual axon within a peripheral nerve?

Accepted Answer

Endoneurium

Question 4

During a heart attack, pain is often felt in the left arm rather than the chest. This phenomenon is known as:

Accepted Answer

Referred pain

Question 5

Which cranial nerve is responsible for controlling most of the extrinsic eye muscles and also provides parasympathetic fibers to the iris and ciliary muscles?

Accepted Answer

Oculomotor nerve (III)

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the classification of sensory receptors?

Accepted Answer

Nociceptors are sensitive to pain-causing stimuli such as excessive pressure or extreme temperatures.

Question 7

Which nerve plexus gives rise to the femoral and obturator nerves, innervating the thigh and abdominal wall?

Accepted Answer

Lumbar plexus

Question 8

A spinal nerve is formed by the combination of which two roots?

Accepted Answer

Dorsal and ventral roots

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of the phrenic nerve?

Accepted Answer

It provides motor and sensory innervation to the diaphragm.

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the levels of neural integration in sensory systems?

Accepted Answer

Receptor level → Circuit level → Perceptual level

Question 11

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of spinal nerves and vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

$$N_{spinal\ nerves} = 31$$

Question 12

Damage to which nerve would most likely result in loss of wrist and finger flexion and impaired thumb opposition?

Accepted Answer

Median nerve

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE about dermatomes?

Accepted Answer

Most dermatomes overlap, so destruction of a single spinal nerve will not cause complete numbness.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a component of a reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Cerebral cortex

Question 15

According to Hilton's law, which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

Any nerve serving a muscle that produces movement at a joint also innervates the joint and skin over the joint.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the effect of aging on the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Reflexes slow and the number of synapses per neuron decreases.

Question 17

Which nerve is composed of two nerves, the tibial and common fibular, and is the longest and thickest nerve in the body?

Accepted Answer

Sciatic nerve

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) as shown in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of heart rate and digestion

Question 19

Which structural class of sensory receptors is most likely to be found in the basal layer of the epidermis and is responsible for tactile discrimination?

Accepted Answer

Merkel (tactile) discs

Question 20

A patient with trauma to the spinal cord exhibits flaccid paralysis. Which neurons are most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Lower motor neurons

Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity: Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards