Question 1

Which of the following best describes the composition of the three layers formed when whole blood is centrifuged?

Accepted Answer

Plasma, buffy coat (leukocytes and platelets), erythrocytes

Question 2

A patient with type B+ blood can safely receive which of the following blood types in a transfusion?

Accepted Answer

Type O-

Question 3

Which formed element is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct order of blood flow through the heart, starting from the right atrium?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of the SA node in the heart?

Accepted Answer

It initiates the electrical impulse that sets the pace for the heart rate.

Question 6

A patient presents with a blood pressure of 150/95 mmHg. What is their pulse pressure, and what does it represent?

Accepted Answer

$$150 - 95 = 55$$ mmHg; the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

Question 7

Which of the following blood vessels has the thickest tunica media and why?

Accepted Answer

Arteries, because they must withstand higher pressure from the heart

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic of veins but not arteries?

Accepted Answer

Presence of valves to prevent backflow

Question 9

A patient with sickle cell anemia is most likely to experience which of the following symptoms due to the altered shape of their erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Reduced oxygen delivery to tissues

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the pathway of lymph from the tissues back to the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries → lymphatic vessels → lymphatic trunks → lymphatic ducts → subclavian veins

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Pallor (paleness)

Question 12

Which vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary veins

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct interpretation of the QRS complex on an EKG?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular depolarization

Question 14

A patient is diagnosed with bradycardia. Which of the following best describes their condition?

Accepted Answer

Heart rate is slower than normal

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the spleen in the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Filters blood and removes old erythrocytes

Question 16

Which vessel is a direct continuation of the subclavian artery as it passes into the arm?

Accepted Answer

Axillary artery

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of platelets?

Accepted Answer

Initiate blood clotting by forming a temporary plug

Question 18

Which of the following arteries supplies blood to the liver?

Accepted Answer

Hepatic artery

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of capillaries that allows for efficient exchange of gases and nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 20

A patient with type AB- blood will produce which antibodies in their plasma?

Accepted Answer

Anti-Rh antibodies only if exposed to Rh+ blood

Practical Review: Blood, Cardiovascular, and Lymphatic Systems

Study Guide - Practice Questions