Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the fimbriae in the female reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

They ensure that eggs released from the ovary enter the fallopian tube.

Question 2

During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the endometrium become a secretory structure, and which hormone is primarily responsible for this change?

Accepted Answer

Luteal phase; progesterone

Question 3

Which hormone is responsible for triggering ovulation, and how long after its peak does ovulation typically occur?

Accepted Answer

LH; 16-24 hours

Question 4

A patient presents with a lack of menstrual bleeding and low levels of FSH and LH. Which feedback mechanism is most likely responsible for this hormonal profile?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback from high progesterone and estrogen

Question 5

Which of the following correctly matches the ovarian structure with its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Dominant follicle – releases the oocyte during ovulation

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why only one dominant follicle typically ovulates during each menstrual cycle?

Accepted Answer

AMH prevents additional follicle recruitment after selection of the dominant follicle.

Question 7

Which of the following is a secondary sex characteristic influenced by androgens?

Accepted Answer

Growth of facial and body hair

Question 8

A researcher is studying the effects of aromatase inhibitors on ovarian function. Which process would be most directly affected by blocking aromatase?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of androgens to estrogens in granulosa cells

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the sequence of events in the ovarian cycle?

Accepted Answer

Follicular phase → Ovulation → Luteal phase

Question 10

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the proliferation of the endometrial lining during the menstrual cycle?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen

Question 11

A woman is found to have a mutation that prevents the formation of the zona pellucida. Which process would be most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Fertilization of the oocyte

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why the corpus luteum degenerates if pregnancy does not occur?

Accepted Answer

Lack of continued LH stimulation

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct order of follicular development in the ovary?

Accepted Answer

Primary follicle → Secondary follicle → Tertiary follicle → Dominant follicle

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the hormonal changes that trigger menstruation?

Accepted Answer

A rapid decrease in estrogen and progesterone levels

Question 15

Which of the following is a direct effect of androgens in the body?

Accepted Answer

Promotion of protein synthesis in muscle and bone

Question 16

A patient is given a drug that blocks FSH receptors on granulosa cells. Which of the following outcomes is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Impaired follicular development and reduced estrogen production

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone) in the ovarian cycle?

Accepted Answer

Prevents additional follicle recruitment during the cycle

Question 18

Which of the following events occurs immediately after the LH surge in the menstrual cycle?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis resumes in the oocyte

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why estrogen switches from negative to positive feedback on the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary during the late follicular phase?

Accepted Answer

Persistently high estrogen levels from the dominant follicle

Question 20

A patient has a genetic mutation that prevents the formation of the corpus luteum. Which phase of the menstrual cycle would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Luteal phase

Repro 4 - March 27

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