Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Storage of carbohydrates

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture where the bone is broken into three or more pieces. Which type of fracture is this, and why is it more common in older adults?

Accepted Answer

Comminuted; because older adults have more brittle bones

Question 3

Which bone cell is responsible for dissolving bone matrix and releasing stored minerals, and what is the process called?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast; Osteolysis

Question 4

What is the basic structural and functional unit of mature compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Osteons

Question 5

During endochondral ossification, what is the first event that occurs in the formation of a long bone?

Accepted Answer

Chondrocytes increase in size and the matrix begins to calcify

Question 6

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity, increasing intestinal absorption, and decreasing renal excretion?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 7

If osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity in a bone, what will happen to the bone mass?

Accepted Answer

Less mass

Question 8

Which bone cell type is a stem cell that divides to produce osteoblasts and is important in fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Osteoprogenitor cell

Question 9

What is the main mineral component of bone matrix, and what is its chemical formula?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite; $$Ca_{10}(PO_4$)_6(OH)_2$$

Question 10

Which bone marking term refers to a depression or groove, and which does NOT belong with the others?

Accepted Answer

Sulcus; does not belong

Question 11

A child with a deficiency in vitamin D is likely to develop which bone disorder, and what is the underlying cause?

Accepted Answer

Rickets; lack of vitamin D leading to poor calcium absorption

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the process of bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Continuous deposition and reabsorption of the bone matrix

Question 13

Which bone cell is responsible for maintaining the bone matrix and repairing damaged bone?

Accepted Answer

Osteocyte

Question 14

What is the functional significance of trabeculae in spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

They form a honeycomb structure that supports red bone marrow and allows for nutrient diffusion

Question 15

Which bone type is embedded in tendons and found where tendons pass over joints, such as the patella?

Accepted Answer

Sesamoid bone

Question 16

During fracture repair, what is the correct sequence of events?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma forms, fibrocartilaginous callus forms, bony callus forms, bone remodeling occurs

Question 17

Which hormone is produced by the thyroid gland and decreases blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin

Question 18

Which of the following statements about bone growth at puberty is correct?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts produce bone faster than chondrocytes produce new epiphyseal cartilage

Question 19

Which vitamin is required for collagen synthesis and osteoblast differentiation?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 20

Match the word with the correct phrase: 'Bone is too porous'

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Skeletal System: Osseous Tissue & Bone Structure

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards