Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the periosteum in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

It is a tough membrane covering bone, providing sites for muscle and ligament attachment and producing osteoblasts for bone growth and repair.

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture at the metaphysis of a long bone. Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding this region?

Accepted Answer

It is the growth region between the diaphysis and epiphysis and is rich in blood supply.

Question 3

Which bone cell type is primarily responsible for dissolving bone matrix and releasing minerals into the blood?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct description of the structure of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

It contains osteons, which are columns of concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal.

Question 5

Which of the following bones is classified as a flat bone?

Accepted Answer

Parietal bone

Question 6

A child is diagnosed with a disorder affecting the epiphyseal plate. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Impaired bone length growth

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a component of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Clavicle

Question 8

Which bone marking is defined as a shallow depression, often serving as a site for muscle attachment or articulation?

Accepted Answer

Fossa

Question 9

A patient has a bone tumor that disrupts the concentric lamellae of osteons. Which bone tissue is most affected?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of canaliculi in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

They are tiny channels that allow for nutrient and waste exchange between osteocytes.

Question 11

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of bones in the adult human skeleton, the axial skeleton, and the appendicular skeleton?

Accepted Answer

$206 = 80 + 126$

Question 12

A patient presents with a fracture in the diaphysis of the femur. Which structure is most likely to be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Medullary cavity

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct pairing of bone shape and example?

Accepted Answer

Irregular bone – vertebra

Question 14

Which of the following bone markings is a passageway for blood vessels and/or nerves?

Accepted Answer

Foramen

Question 15

Which of the following statements about spongy bone is correct?

Accepted Answer

It forms a lattice of trabeculae and is the site of blood cell production.

Question 16

A patient with anemia is found to have decreased function in the red marrow of flat bones. Which process is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Blood cell production

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the medullary cavity of a long bone?

Accepted Answer

It is a hollow interior lined with spongy bone and contains yellow marrow for fat storage.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

They maintain the bone matrix and reside in lacunae.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Supports the central axis of the body

Question 20

A patient has a genetic mutation affecting the formation of canaliculi in bone tissue. Which of the following consequences is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Impaired nutrient and waste exchange between osteocytes

Skeletal System: Structure, Organization, and Bone Types

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