Question 1

Which of the following medical conditions is most likely to disrupt sleep due to frequent nighttime awakenings to urinate?

Accepted Answer

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Question 2

A patient reports difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings, and feeling unrefreshed in the morning for the past 4 months. Which type of insomnia does this patient most likely have?

Accepted Answer

Chronic insomnia

Question 3

Which of the following medications is most likely to cause insomnia as a side effect?

Accepted Answer

Corticosteroids

Question 4

A patient with chronic insomnia is considering using melatonin. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding melatonin supplementation?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin may be more effective for jet lag and circadian rhythm disorders than for general insomnia.

Question 5

Which of the following is a recommended nonpharmacological sleep hygiene practice?

Accepted Answer

Keeping a regular sleep pattern

Question 6

A 10-year-old child presents with insomnia. According to guidelines, what is the most appropriate next step?

Accepted Answer

Refer the patient to a healthcare provider

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the effect of alcohol on sleep?

Accepted Answer

Assists with falling asleep but causes frequent awakenings and shortens sleep duration

Question 8

A patient is using diphenhydramine nightly for sleep. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect, especially in older adults?

Accepted Answer

CNS anticholinergic toxicity

Question 9

Which of the following herbal products should be avoided due to the risk of liver injury?

Accepted Answer

Kava

Question 10

A patient with a history of heart failure asks about using melatonin for sleep. What is the most appropriate counseling point?

Accepted Answer

Recent studies suggest a possible increased risk of heart failure with long-term melatonin use.

Question 11

Which of the following is a consequence of chronic sleep deprivation?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of diabetes and heart disease

Question 12

A patient is taking an SSRI and is considering 5-HTP for sleep. What is the primary safety concern?

Accepted Answer

Risk of serotonin syndrome due to additive serotonergic effects

Question 13

Which of the following combinations is commonly found in OTC sleep aids marketed for both pain and insomnia?

Accepted Answer

Diphenhydramine and acetaminophen

Question 14

A patient with insomnia is considering caffeine to treat daytime drowsiness. Which of the following is a correct statement about caffeine?

Accepted Answer

Caffeine can increase heart rate and blood pressure

Question 15

Which of the following is a reason to refer a patient with insomnia to a healthcare provider?

Accepted Answer

Insomnia secondary to psychiatric or medical problems

Question 16

A patient is using valerian for sleep. Which of the following is a potential risk with long-term use?

Accepted Answer

Hepatotoxicity and dependence

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the relationship between leptin, sleep deprivation, and obesity?

Accepted Answer

Sleep deprivation decreases leptin, increasing appetite and risk of obesity

Question 18

A patient is considering using diphenhydramine for sleep. What is the recommended adult dose for sleep aid purposes?

Accepted Answer

$$50\ \mathrm{mg} 30 $$minutes before bedtime for up to 3 nights, then skip a night, repeat as needed (max 10 days)

Question 19

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of combining energy drinks with alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of accidents due to masking alcohol's sedative effects

Question 20

A patient asks about the safety of over-the-counter melatonin products in the U.S. Which of the following is a TRUE statement?

Accepted Answer

OTC melatonin products may have highly variable content and sometimes contain serotonin

Sleep Disorders: Insomnia, Sleep Hygiene, and Pharmacological & Nonpharmacological Management

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards