Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a major function of bone tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones for metabolism

Question 2

A forensic scientist is examining a skeleton to estimate the age of the individual at death. Which structure in the metaphysis should they examine, and what would it be composed of in an adolescent?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate; hyaline cartilage

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why babies have more red marrow than adults?

Accepted Answer

Babies require red blood cells to be produced quickly to accommodate growth.

Question 4

If a person’s spongy bone were all replaced by compact bone, what would be the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The skeleton would be stronger but also heavier.

Question 5

Which of the following substances are primarily stored in bones?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides and Calcium

Question 6

Which type of bone is most likely to be found in the vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

Irregular bone

Question 7

Which of the following statements about bone structure is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Bones of your skull and ribs are both examples of flat bones.

Question 8

What is the main function of the periosteum’s fibrous layer?

Accepted Answer

To provide attachment sites for ligaments

Question 9

Which of the following nutrients would George Pollard and Charles Ramsdell most likely have obtained by sucking on the broken long bones of their shipmates after being stranded at sea?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides from adipose tissue

Question 10

Which structure is most closely associated with the perforating fibers in bone?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Question 11

A child with Osgood-Schlatter disease experiences pain just below the knee due to instability in the tibia. What is the most likely anatomical reason for this instability?

Accepted Answer

There is a significant amount of cartilage in the epiphyseal plate during growth spurts.

Question 12

If the hydroxyapatite crystals in bone were replaced with a gel-like extracellular matrix, what would be the effect on bone function?

Accepted Answer

The inorganic matrix would lack the hardness necessary for bones to bear weight.

Question 13

Which bone cell type becomes more active when blood calcium levels drop below normal?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 14

Which pathway correctly identifies the relationship between bone cells?

Accepted Answer

Osteoprogenitor \rightarrow osteoblast \rightarrow osteocyte

Question 15

What is the major function of osteocytes found in lacunae?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring bone stress

Question 16

What would be one possible result if bone developed without canaliculi?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes could not receive nutrients or send signals as they would not be in contact with other cells.

Question 17

Which structure allows osteocytes to receive nutrients in spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Canaliculi

Question 18

If all collagen fibers in bone lamellae were oriented in the same direction, what would be the effect?

Accepted Answer

The bone would break more easily if stress were applied from a different direction.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the arrangement and function of compact and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone forms the outer layer for strength; spongy bone forms the inner layer for lightness and shock absorption.

Study Guide: Bones and Bone Tissue (ANP College Course)

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