Q: Which equation correctly represents the stoichiometry of the sodium-potassium pump per ATP hydrolyzed?

$$3\ \mathrm{Na}^+\ \text{out},\ 2\ \mathrm{K}^+\ \text{in}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the sodium-potassium pump as illustrated in the provided images?

Accepted Answer

It uses ATP to move three sodium ions out of the cell and two potassium ions into the cell against their concentration gradients.

Question 2

In the sodium-potassium pump cycle, which step directly requires the hydrolysis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Conformational change of the pump to release sodium ions and bind potassium ions.

Question 3

What is the net effect of the sodium-potassium pump on the charge inside the cell?

Accepted Answer

It makes the inside of the cell more negative.

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the stoichiometry of the sodium-potassium pump per ATP hydrolyzed?

Accepted Answer

$$3\ \mathrm{Na}^+\ 	ext{out},\ 2\ \mathrm{K}^+\ 	ext{in}$$

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins for export.

Question 6

Which organelle is responsible for ATP production and contains cristae to increase surface area for this function?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 7

Refer to the cell diagram. Which structure labeled 'A' is responsible for protein synthesis and is studded with ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of the Golgi apparatus in the cell?

Accepted Answer

It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Question 9

Which cytoskeletal element is described as having the largest diameter and is composed of tubulin?

Accepted Answer

Microtubules

Question 10

Which process is illustrated by the movement of water through aquaporins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the cell cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis consists of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Question 12

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes cluster at the midline of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

Digesting cellular debris and engulfed bacteria using hydrolytic enzymes.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of microvilli?

Accepted Answer

Increasing surface area for absorption.

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

It is maintained by the sodium-potassium pump, which moves more positive charges out than in.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of the process of autophagy?

Accepted Answer

It uses lysosomes to degrade unneeded organelles and proteins.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)?

Accepted Answer

They allow cells to adhere to each other and communicate with their environment.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of triplets of DNA bases that specify amino acids.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about protein synthesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation occurs in the cytoplasm.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the steps of G protein signaling?

Accepted Answer

Ligand binds receptor → receptor activates G protein → G protein activates effector protein → effector produces second messenger → second messenger activates enzymes → enzymes cause cellular changes

Study Guide: Cell Structure and Membrane Transport (ANP College Level)

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