Q: Which of the following statements about resting membrane potential is correct, as shown in the tenth and eleventh images?

The resting membrane potential is typically around $$-70\ \text{mV}$$, with the inside of the cell being negative relative to the outside.

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the nervous system as illustrated in the second image, where a person sees a glass of water and then reaches for it?

Accepted Answer

The nervous system integrates sensory input, processes information, and produces motor output.

Question 2

Which neuroglia cell type, shown in the third image, is most abundant in the CNS and plays a role in supporting neurons, guiding migration, and controlling the chemical environment?

Accepted Answer

Astrocyte

Question 3

Referencing the fourth image, which structure is responsible for generating and conducting nerve impulses away from the cell body?

Accepted Answer

Axon

Question 4

Based on the fifth image, which cell is responsible for myelinating axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cell

Question 5

According to Ohm’s law, which is correctly expressed in LaTeX format?

Accepted Answer

$$V = IR$$

Question 6

Which neuron type, as shown in the sixth and seventh images, is most common in the CNS and has three or more processes?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neuron

Question 7

What is the primary function of the myelin sheath, as illustrated in the fifth image?

Accepted Answer

To protect and electrically insulate the axon, increasing the speed of impulse transmission

Question 8

Which of the following statements about resting membrane potential is correct, as shown in the tenth and eleventh images?

Accepted Answer

The resting membrane potential is typically around $$-70\ 	ext{mV}$$, with the inside of the cell being negative relative to the outside.

Question 9

Which ion plays the most important role in establishing the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

K+

Question 10

During depolarization, as shown in the thirteenth image, what happens to the membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

It moves toward zero and becomes less negative.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process of hyperpolarization, as shown in the fourteenth image?

Accepted Answer

The membrane potential increases, making the inside more negative than the resting potential.

Question 12

Which type of ion channel opens in response to a neurotransmitter binding, as shown in the ninth image?

Accepted Answer

Chemically gated ion channel

Question 13

What is the correct sequence of events during an action potential, as shown in the series of images from seventeen to twenty?

Accepted Answer

Resting state → Depolarization → Repolarization → Hyperpolarization

Question 14

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance in a neuron, as described by Ohm’s law?

Accepted Answer

$$I = \frac{V}{R}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is true about the propagation of action potentials in myelinated axons?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials propagate by saltatory conduction, jumping from node to node.

Question 16

What is the effect of a local anesthetic on nerve impulse propagation?

Accepted Answer

It blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels, preventing action potential generation.

Question 17

Which neurotransmitter is excitatory at neuromuscular junctions in skeletal muscle but inhibitory in cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 18

Which type of neuron is most likely to be found in the retina and olfactory mucosa, as shown in the seventh image?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar neuron

Question 19

Which of the following best explains the 'all-or-none' phenomenon of action potentials?

Accepted Answer

An action potential either occurs completely or not at all once threshold is reached.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of the absolute refractory period?

Accepted Answer

It is the period when voltage-gated Na+ channels are open and the neuron cannot trigger another action potential.

Lecture - Ch 12 Nervous System Fundamentals

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