Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts break down bone matrix, releasing calcium ions into the blood.

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture in the diaphysis of the femur. Which type of bone tissue is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone

Question 3

Which hormone is released when blood calcium levels are low, and what is its effect on bone?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH); activates osteoclasts to break down bone and release calcium

Question 4

Which of the following bones is classified as a flat bone?

Accepted Answer

Sternum

Question 5

During childhood, the lengthwise growth of long bones is primarily due to activity at which structure?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why the female pelvis is generally wider and more circular than the male pelvis?

Accepted Answer

To allow for childbirth by providing a larger pelvic inlet and outlet

Question 7

A 10-year-old child suffers a fracture that disrupts the epiphyseal plate. What is the most likely long-term consequence?

Accepted Answer

Impaired lengthwise growth of the affected bone

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 9

Which bone marking term refers to a projection that serves as a site for muscle or ligament attachment?

Accepted Answer

Tuberosity

Question 10

A patient has a tumor that is destroying the trabeculae in their bones. Which type of bone tissue is most affected?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone

Question 11

Which of the following best describes appositional growth in bones?

Accepted Answer

Bones grow in width by adding bone matrix to the outer surface

Question 12

Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Vertebra

Question 13

Which structure in a long bone contains yellow marrow in adults?

Accepted Answer

Medullary cavity

Question 14

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of the hyoid bone?

Accepted Answer

It does not articulate with any other bone

Question 15

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for fractures because:

Accepted Answer

Their bones have decreased calcium salt deposition

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of compact and spongy bone in a flat bone such as the parietal bone?

Accepted Answer

A layer of spongy bone sandwiched between two thin layers of compact bone

Question 17

Which of the following is a secondary curvature of the vertebral column that develops after birth?

Accepted Answer

Cervical curvature

Question 18

Which of the following bones is classified as an irregular bone?

Accepted Answer

Vertebra

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of canaliculi in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

They connect osteocytes to a nutrient supply

Question 20

A patient has a genetic disorder that prevents the formation of collagen fibers in bone. Which property of bone would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Bone would lose its flexibility and become brittle

Study Guide: The Skeletal System (Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology, Ch. 5)

Study Guide - Practice Questions