Q: Which of the following equations correctly estimates blood volume in liters for a person weighing 70 kg?

$$\text{Blood Volume (L)} = 0.07 \times 70$$

Question 1

Which of the following best explains why erythrocytes (red blood cells) are highly efficient at transporting oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Their biconcave shape increases surface area relative to volume.

Question 2

A patient presents with fatigue, pallor, and a low hematocrit. Laboratory tests reveal microcytic, hypochromic erythrocytes. Which type of anemia is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 3

Which plasma protein is most responsible for maintaining the osmotic pressure of blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

A person living at high altitude develops secondary polycythemia. Which physiological mechanism best explains this adaptation?

Accepted Answer

Increased erythropoietin (EPO) production due to hypoxia

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly estimates blood volume in liters for a person weighing 70 kg?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Blood Volume (L)} = 0.07 	imes 70$$

Question 6

Which step in hemostasis involves the conversion of soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin strands?

Accepted Answer

Coagulation

Question 7

A patient with a genetic deficiency in factor VIII would most likely experience which clinical condition?

Accepted Answer

Hemophilia A

Question 8

Which leukocyte is most abundant in normal blood and is primarily responsible for phagocytizing bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 9

A patient receives a mismatched blood transfusion. Which of the following is the most immediate risk?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and hemolysis of donor erythrocytes

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of erythropoietin (EPO) in erythropoiesis?

Accepted Answer

EPO stimulates the differentiation of hemocytoblasts into erythrocytes.

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of platelets in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

Initiating the coagulation cascade by forming a temporary plug

Question 12

A patient with chronic liver disease is at increased risk for bleeding because:

Accepted Answer

The liver cannot produce enough procoagulant proteins.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why individuals with sickle-cell anemia are less likely to contract malaria?

Accepted Answer

Sickled erythrocytes are resistant to the malaria parasite.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the common pathway of coagulation?

Accepted Answer

Prothrombin → Thrombin → Fibrinogen → Fibrin

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the fate of iron after erythrocyte destruction?

Accepted Answer

It is stored as ferritin or hemosiderin for reuse.

Question 16

A patient with a WBC count of 15,000/μl and a high percentage of neutrophils is most likely experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A bacterial infection

Question 17

Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of several clotting factors, and its deficiency can lead to bleeding disorders?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

They are crucial to immunity, producing antibodies and attacking infected cells.

Question 19

A patient with a genetic disorder resulting in absent or faulty globin chains, thin and delicate RBCs, and frequent transfusions most likely has:

Accepted Answer

Thalassemia

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why blood is classified as a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It contains a liquid matrix (plasma) with suspended cells (formed elements).

Study Notes: Blood (Chapter 17) – Human Anatomy & Physiology

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