Q: Which equation best represents the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the brain's ventricles?

$$\text{Lateral ventricles} \rightarrow \text{Interventricular foramen} \rightarrow \text{Third ventricle} \rightarrow \text{Cerebral aqueduct} \rightarrow \text{Fourth ventricle} \rightarrow \text{Central canal/subarachnoid space}$$

Q: Which equation best represents the pathway of a sympathetic nerve impulse from the spinal cord to a visceral effector organ?

$$\text{Spinal cord} \rightarrow \text{Ventral root} \rightarrow \text{White ramus communicans} \rightarrow \text{Sympathetic trunk ganglion} \rightarrow \text{Splanchnic nerve} \rightarrow \text{Collateral ganglion} \rightarrow \text{Visceral effector organ}$$

Question 1

Which of the following structures is NOT a protective feature of the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Perineurium

Question 2

A patient suffers a traumatic injury that damages the dura mater. Which of the following best describes the dura mater?

Accepted Answer

It is the outermost leathery layer, double-layered and folds inward in several areas.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

It excludes many potentially harmful substances from entering the brain, such as wastes.

Question 4

Which equation best represents the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the brain's ventricles?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Lateral ventricles} ightarrow 	ext{Interventricular foramen} ightarrow 	ext{Third ventricle} ightarrow 	ext{Cerebral aqueduct} ightarrow 	ext{Fourth ventricle} ightarrow 	ext{Central canal/subarachnoid space}$$

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding spinal nerves?

Accepted Answer

They are formed by the combination of the ventral and dorsal roots of the spinal cord.

Question 6

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the skin of the forearm. Which nerve plexus is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Brachial plexus

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?

Accepted Answer

Somatic nervous system has motor neuron cell bodies inside the CNS and axons extending to skeletal muscles; autonomic nervous system uses a chain of two motor neurons.

Question 8

Which equation best represents the pathway of a sympathetic nerve impulse from the spinal cord to a visceral effector organ?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Spinal cord} ightarrow 	ext{Ventral root} ightarrow 	ext{White ramus communicans} ightarrow 	ext{Sympathetic trunk ganglion} ightarrow 	ext{Splanchnic nerve} ightarrow 	ext{Collateral ganglion} ightarrow 	ext{Visceral effector organ}$$

Question 9

Which of the following cranial nerves is NOT a mixed nerve?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of the parasympathetic division?

Accepted Answer

It conserves energy and maintains daily necessary body functions.

Question 11

Which equation best represents the origin of preganglionic neurons in the sympathetic division?

Accepted Answer

$$T_1$$ \rightarrow $$L_2$$

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE about the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It consists only of motor nerves.

Question 13

A patient has a lesion affecting the S2-S4 region of the spinal cord. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic division

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the plexuses formed by ventral rami of spinal nerves?

Accepted Answer

They serve motor and sensory needs of the limbs.

Question 15

Which equation best represents the number of pairs of spinal nerves arising from the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

$$31$$

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE regarding mixed nerves?

Accepted Answer

They contain both sensory and motor fibers.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the endoneurium?

Accepted Answer

It surrounds each individual nerve fiber.

Question 18

Which equation best represents the pathway of a sensory (afferent) nerve impulse?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Peripheral receptor} ightarrow 	ext{Sensory nerve} ightarrow 	ext{CNS}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the cauda equina?

Accepted Answer

It is a collection of spinal nerves at the inferior end of the spinal cord.

Question 20

Which equation best represents the origin of preganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic division?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X} 	ext{ and } S_2$ ightarrow S_4$

Study Notes: The Nervous System – Structure, Function, and Protection

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards