Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for blood pH?

$pH = pK_a + \log \left( \frac{[HCO_3^-]}{0.03 \times pCO_2} \right)$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the endocrine system in maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

It regulates body activities by releasing hormones that control growth, metabolism, and reproduction.

Question 2

A patient presents with abnormally high blood glucose levels. Which endocrine gland is most likely malfunctioning, and what hormone is primarily involved?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas; insulin

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between cardiac output ($CO$), heart rate ($HR$), and stroke volume ($SV$)?

Accepted Answer

$CO = HR 	imes SV$

Question 4

A person with blood type AB can safely receive blood from which of the following blood types?

Accepted Answer

All blood types (A, B, AB, O)

Question 5

During vigorous exercise, which physiological change occurs to maintain acid-base balance in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Increased respiratory rate to expel $CO_2$

Question 6

Which of the following best explains the role of the lymphatic system in immune function?

Accepted Answer

It filters lymph and houses lymphocytes that respond to pathogens.

Question 7

A patient is diagnosed with metabolic acidosis. Which of the following compensatory mechanisms is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Increased respiratory rate to expel $CO_2$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about pulmonary ventilation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Inhalation occurs when the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, increasing thoracic volume.

Question 9

A patient with a blocked thoracic duct would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Edema due to impaired lymph drainage

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the Frank-Starling law of the heart?

Accepted Answer

The greater the end-diastolic volume, the greater the force of contraction.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the transmission of an action potential through the heart?

Accepted Answer

SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibers

Question 12

A patient is experiencing difficulty absorbing dietary fats. Which component of the lymphatic system is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Lacteals

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the urinary system?

Accepted Answer

Increases water reabsorption in the collecting ducts

Question 14

A patient with a deficiency in vitamin B12 absorption is most likely to develop which type of anemia?

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia

Question 15

Which of the following equations correctly represents the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for blood pH?

Accepted Answer

$pH = pK_a + \log \left( \frac{[HCO_3^-]}{0.03 	imes pCO_2} ight)$

Question 16

A patient with chronic kidney disease is unable to excrete sufficient hydrogen ions. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Metabolic acidosis

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of surfactant in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing collapse during exhalation

Question 18

A patient is found to have a mutation that prevents the production of intrinsic factor in the stomach. Which of the following is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

Impaired absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why the left ventricle of the heart has a thicker wall than the right ventricle?

Accepted Answer

It pumps blood to the entire body, requiring greater force to overcome systemic resistance.

Question 20

A patient with Addison's disease has decreased production of aldosterone. Which of the following symptoms would you expect?

Accepted Answer

Decreased sodium reabsorption and hypotension

Syllabus and Study Guide: Human Anatomy and Physiology II (BIO 142)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards