Q: Which equation best represents the pathway of a visceral reflex arc?

$$\text{Afferent neuron} \rightarrow \text{CNS} \rightarrow \text{Autonomic ganglion} \rightarrow \text{Efferent neuron} \rightarrow \text{Target cell}$$

Q: Which equation represents the neurotransmitter and receptor interaction at the target cell for sympathetic postganglionic neurons?

$$\text{NE} \rightarrow \text{Adrenergic receptor}$$

Q: Which equation best represents the neurotransmitter and receptor interaction at the target cell for parasympathetic postganglionic neurons?

$$\text{ACh} \rightarrow \text{Muscarinic receptor}$$

Q: Which equation best represents the pathway of a somatic motor neuron?

$$\text{CNS} \rightarrow \text{Somatic motor neuron} \rightarrow \text{Skeletal muscle}$$

Question 1

Which cranial nerve is responsible for transducing hearing?

Accepted Answer

Cranial Nerve VIII

Question 2

Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord at which location?

Accepted Answer

Posterior Horn

Question 3

The regions of the body innervated by specific spinal nerves are called:

Accepted Answer

Dermatomes

Question 4

Which neurotransmitter is released by all preganglionic sympathetic neurons?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 5

Which receptor type is found on all postganglionic neurons in both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions?

Accepted Answer

Nicotinic cholinergic receptor

Question 6

A patient presents with increased heart rate and dilated pupils. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is most active?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 7

Which cranial nerve carries the majority of parasympathetic innervation to the body?

Accepted Answer

Cranial Nerve X (Vagus)

Question 8

Which of the following is a main effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Relaxation of digestive tract and contraction of sphincters

Question 9

Which neurotransmitter is most commonly released by postganglionic sympathetic neurons?

Accepted Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 10

Which equation best represents the pathway of a visceral reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Afferent neuron} ightarrow 	ext{CNS} ightarrow 	ext{Autonomic ganglion} ightarrow 	ext{Efferent neuron} ightarrow 	ext{Target cell}$$

Question 11

Which anatomical feature allows preganglionic sympathetic neurons to reach the sympathetic chain ganglia?

Accepted Answer

White ramus communicans

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the location of sympathetic preganglionic neuron cell bodies?

Accepted Answer

Thoracolumbar region of spinal cord

Question 13

A patient is experiencing bronchoconstriction and decreased heart rate. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 14

Which equation represents the neurotransmitter and receptor interaction at the target cell for sympathetic postganglionic neurons?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{NE} ightarrow 	ext{Adrenergic receptor}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Control of skeletal muscle contraction

Question 16

Which equation best represents the neurotransmitter and receptor interaction at the target cell for parasympathetic postganglionic neurons?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{ACh} ightarrow 	ext{Muscarinic receptor}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the anatomical difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic preganglionic neurons synapse near spinal cord; parasympathetic synapse near target organs

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life example of sympathetic nervous system activation?

Accepted Answer

Running from a dangerous animal

Question 19

Which equation best represents the pathway of a somatic motor neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{CNS} ightarrow 	ext{Somatic motor neuron} ightarrow 	ext{Skeletal muscle}$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

Relaxation of sphincters

The Autonomic Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Comparison with the Somatic Nervous System

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