Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structure of the plasma membrane as shown in the image labeled 'The phospholipid bilayer'?

Accepted Answer

A double layer of phospholipids with hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward.

Question 2

Which process requires cellular energy (ATP) to move substances across the plasma membrane against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 3

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur, as shown in the cell cycle diagram?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why the plasma membrane is described as 'selectively permeable'?

Accepted Answer

It allows some substances to pass while restricting others based on their chemical properties.

Question 5

Which of the following is a passive process that involves the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 6

A cell is placed in a solution and water moves into the cell. Which process is responsible for this movement?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 7

Which of the following events occurs during prophase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Chromatin condenses into chromosomes and the nuclear envelope disintegrates.

Question 8

What is the main function of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

To make the membrane more rigid and stable

Question 9

Which type of endocytosis is referred to as 'cell eating'?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 10

A scientist observes a cell ejecting waste material out of the cell via vesicles. Which process is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of integral proteins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They act as channels or carriers for molecules across the membrane.

Question 12

During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 13

Which of the following is true about the G0 phase of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Cells in G0 are performing specialized functions and not dividing.

Question 14

A patient’s cells are unable to move glucose into the cell without the help of a protein. Which membrane transport process is impaired?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 15

Which of the following best describes cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

Division of the cytoplasm

Question 16

If a cell is exposed to a toxin that inhibits ATP production, which of the following processes would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 17

Which of the following equations best represents the movement of molecules during diffusion?

Accepted Answer

$$J = -D \frac{dC}{dx}$$

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the S phase of interphase is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is when DNA is replicated.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between pinocytosis and phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Pinocytosis engulfs liquids, while phagocytosis engulfs large particles.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a component of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

The Cell: Plasma Membrane Transport and Cell Cycle/Mitosis

Study Guide - Practice Questions