Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the Golgi apparatus in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles

Question 2

A cell is exposed to a toxin that inhibits the function of its ribosomes. Which process will be directly affected first?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis (translation)

Question 3

Which of the following organelles is responsible for the production of most of the cell’s ATP via aerobic metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 4

A mutation causes a cell to lack functional peroxisomes. Which of the following would most likely accumulate in the cell as a result?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why the inner mitochondrial membrane is highly folded into cristae?

Accepted Answer

To increase the surface area for enzymes involved in ATP production

Question 6

A cell is observed to have an extensive network of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Which function is this cell MOST likely specialized for?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of steroid hormones

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events for a protein destined for secretion from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis on rough ER → Golgi apparatus → secretory vesicle → exocytosis

Question 8

Which of the following statements about lysosomes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They contain hydrolytic enzymes for intracellular digestion

Question 9

A cell with a defective nuclear envelope would have difficulty performing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Regulating the passage of materials between the nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

It is the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis and ribosome assembly

Question 11

If a cell’s lysosomes burst, what is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The cell will undergo autolysis due to the release of digestive enzymes

Question 12

Which of the following organelles is directly involved in the detoxification of drugs and toxins in liver cells?

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 13

A cell is unable to produce enough ATP and is found to have defective cristae. Which organelle is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis and initial modification of proteins for export or for membranes

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Providing strength and support, and enabling movement of cellular structures

Question 16

Which of the following organelles is responsible for the breakdown and recycling of damaged or abnormal intracellular proteins?

Accepted Answer

Proteasomes

Question 17

A cell that is highly active in protein secretion would be expected to have an abundance of which two organelles?

Accepted Answer

Rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of centrioles in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

They organize microtubules during cell division

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the difference between free ribosomes and fixed ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Free ribosomes synthesize proteins for use in the cytosol, while fixed ribosomes synthesize proteins for secretion or for membranes

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why liver cells contain many peroxisomes?

Accepted Answer

They are involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and detoxification of harmful substances

The Cellular Level of Organization: Structure and Function of Cells

Study Guide - Practice Questions