Question 1

Which structure connects the two cerebral hemispheres and is composed primarily of white matter?

Accepted Answer

Corpus callosum

Question 2

A patient suffers a stroke that damages the precentral gyrus of the left cerebral hemisphere. Which function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Voluntary movement on the right side of the body

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the ventricular system?

Accepted Answer

Lateral ventricles → interventricular foramen → third ventricle → cerebral aqueduct → fourth ventricle

Question 4

Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is primarily responsible for processing visual information?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 5

During a sheep brain dissection, you identify the arbor vitae. In which structure is this found, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum; coordination of voluntary movements

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference in the arrangement of gray and white matter in the spinal cord versus the cerebrum?

Accepted Answer

In the spinal cord, gray matter is central and white matter is peripheral; in the cerebrum, gray matter forms an outer cortex and inner nuclei within white matter.

Question 7

A lesion in the hypothalamus would most likely disrupt which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature and hunger

Question 8

Which structure is responsible for relaying nearly all sensory information to the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of the reticular activating system (RAS)?

Accepted Answer

Maintains cerebral cortical alertness and consciousness

Question 10

A lumbar puncture is performed to collect cerebrospinal fluid. In which space is the needle inserted?

Accepted Answer

Subarachnoid space

Question 11

Which brain wave pattern is most commonly associated with deep sleep?

Accepted Answer

Delta waves

Question 12

Damage to the dorsal root of a spinal nerve would most likely result in which deficit?

Accepted Answer

Loss of sensory input from the affected region

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct pathway for the pyramidal (corticospinal) tract?

Accepted Answer

Primary motor cortex → internal capsule → cerebral peduncle → pyramids → spinal cord

Question 14

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the limbic system?

Accepted Answer

Pons

Question 15

Which meningeal layer is directly attached to the surface of the brain and spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Pia mater

Question 16

A patient presents with loss of coordination and balance. Which brain structure is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the superior colliculus?

Accepted Answer

Visual reflexes

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct order of the meninges from superficial to deep?

Accepted Answer

Dura mater → arachnoid mater → pia mater

Question 19

Which structure is responsible for the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

Choroid plexus

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the mammillary bodies?

Accepted Answer

Relay for olfactory pathways and memory processing

The Central Nervous System: Structure and Anatomy of the Brain and Spinal Cord

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