Question 1

Which age group in the United States has the highest percentage of people with diabetes, according to the provided data?

Accepted Answer

65 years and older

Question 2

Based on the data, which racial/ethnic group in the United States has the highest prevalence of diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Native American

Question 3

If a person has a BMI of 32, what is their relative likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to someone with a BMI less than 25?

Accepted Answer

3.35

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the trend in the number of diabetes cases worldwide from 1985 to 2035, as shown in the graph?

Accepted Answer

The number of cases has increased dramatically.

Question 5

A 50-year-old Hispanic American man with a BMI of 36 is being evaluated for diabetes risk. Based on the data, which factors most significantly increase his risk?

Accepted Answer

His ethnicity and BMI

Question 6

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation for Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Accepted Answer

$$BMI = \frac{Body\ weight\ (kg)}{Height\ (m)^2$}$$

Question 7

Which of the following statements about type 2 diabetes mellitus is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is characterized by insulin resistance in target cells.

Question 8

A patient has a fasting plasma glucose level of 130 mg/dL. According to diagnostic criteria, how should this result be interpreted?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes

Question 9

Which of the following is a primary symptom shared by both diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus?

Accepted Answer

Excessive thirst and urination

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why obesity is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

Obesity is associated with insulin resistance in target cells.

Question 11

A woman develops diabetes during pregnancy but returns to normal glucose levels after delivery. What type of diabetes did she most likely have?

Accepted Answer

Gestational diabetes

Question 12

Which of the following drugs is used to stimulate beta cells to increase insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

Sulfonylureas

Question 13

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed a drug that decreases glucose production by the liver. Which class of drug is this?

Accepted Answer

Biguanides

Question 14

Which laboratory test provides an average measure of blood glucose levels over the past 2–3 months?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin A$$_{1c}$$

Question 15

A 40-year-old man has a BMI of 28. According to the data, what is his relative risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to someone with a BMI less than 25?

Accepted Answer

2.42

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a direct complication of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

Increased insulin sensitivity

Question 17

A patient presents with excessive urination and thirst, but their urine does not contain glucose. Which diagnosis is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes insipidus

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action for thiazolidinediones in the treatment of type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

They enhance insulin action on muscle and fat cells.

Question 19

A patient with a fasting plasma glucose of 110 mg/dL and a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test result of 160 mg/dL would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

Prediabetic

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the cost of diabetes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Total costs include both direct medical expenses and indirect costs such as lost productivity.

The Diabetes Epidemic: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Classification

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