Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the fimbriae in the female reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

They propel the egg toward the uterus by creating a current.

Question 2

During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the growth of ovarian follicles?

Accepted Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 3

A patient presents with a palpable lump in her breast, skin puckering, and abnormal nipple drainage. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Breast cancer

Question 4

Which layer of the uterine wall is responsible for producing labor contractions and expelling the fetus during childbirth?

Accepted Answer

Myometrium

Question 5

What is the primary function of the corpus luteum during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle?

Accepted Answer

To secrete progesterone and stimulate endometrial thickening

Question 6

A woman is experiencing hot flashes, thinning skin, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Which physiological process is most likely occurring?

Accepted Answer

Climacteric/menopause

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the endometrium is correct?

Accepted Answer

The functional layer is shed during menstruation.

Question 8

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing breast cancer?

Accepted Answer

Early menarche

Question 9

A surge in which hormone triggers ovulation approximately 24 hours later?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why women experience menopause while men remain fertile into old age?

Accepted Answer

Women have a finite number of follicles that deplete with age.

Question 11

Which of the following contraceptive methods works primarily by inhibiting ovulation and preventing implantation of a blastocyst?

Accepted Answer

Emergency contraceptive pill (Plan B)

Question 12

A 13-year-old girl has just experienced her first menstrual period. Which term best describes this event?

Accepted Answer

Menarche

Question 13

Which of the following structures is responsible for producing eggs and hormones in the female reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

Ovary

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct sequence of hormonal control in the menstrual cycle?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamus → Pituitary → Ovaries → Uterus

Question 15

A woman’s resting body temperature rises by 0.2-0.3ºC in the morning. This physiological change is most closely associated with which event?

Accepted Answer

Ovulation

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of cilia in the uterine (fallopian) tubes?

Accepted Answer

They propel the egg toward the uterus.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the greater vestibular (Bartholin’s) glands?

Accepted Answer

Lubrication of the vulva

Question 18

A woman with a family history of breast cancer is advised to undergo which of the following screening methods for highest sensitivity?

Accepted Answer

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why the average age of menarche has decreased in recent decades?

Accepted Answer

Increased body fat and leptin levels

Question 20

Which of the following events occurs if fertilization does NOT take place during the menstrual cycle?

Accepted Answer

The endometrial functional layer is shed during menstruation.

The Female Reproductive System: Structure, Function, and Physiology

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