Question 1

Which of the following best describes the principle of complementarity of structure and function?

Accepted Answer

Structure always determines function, and what a structure can do depends on its specific form.

Question 2

A patient suffers a severe burn that destroys the skin barrier. Which necessary life function is most directly compromised?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining boundaries

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback in homeostatic control?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin

Question 4

Which level of structural organization is correctly matched with its description?

Accepted Answer

Organ level: contains two or more types of tissues

Question 5

A scientist is studying the microscopic structure of liver cells. Which branch of anatomy is she using?

Accepted Answer

Cytology

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a survival need for humans?

Accepted Answer

High atmospheric pressure

Question 7

If the body temperature rises above $37^\circ$C, which homeostatic mechanism is activated?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback to lower the temperature

Question 8

Which organ system is primarily responsible for removing metabolic wastes such as urea and carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

Urinary system

Question 9

A patient is unable to sense pain or temperature changes. Which necessary life function is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Responsiveness

Question 10

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of metabolism?

Accepted Answer

The breakdown of glucose to release energy and the synthesis of proteins from amino acids

Question 11

A person is exposed to high altitude where atmospheric pressure is low. Which survival need is most directly challenged?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?

Accepted Answer

Enhancement of labor contractions by oxytocin

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of the effector in a homeostatic control system?

Accepted Answer

Provides the means to respond to the stimulus

Question 14

A patient with uncontrolled diabetes has persistently high blood glucose levels. Which component of the homeostatic control system is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Control center

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing vitamin D

Question 16

Which organ system is primarily responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and wastes throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular system

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the relationship between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy and physiology are inseparable; function always reflects structure.

Question 18

A researcher is studying how electrical currents in nerve cells lead to muscle contraction. Which field is she working in?

Accepted Answer

Physiology

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a catabolic reaction in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of glycogen to glucose

Question 20

If negative feedback mechanisms become overwhelmed and positive feedback takes over, what is a possible consequence?

Accepted Answer

Heart failure

The Human Body: An Orientation – Foundations of Anatomy & Physiology

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