Question 1

Which structure is responsible for the growth of the nail and is located beneath the base of the nail?

Accepted Answer

Nail matrix

Question 2

A patient presents with excessive terminal hair growth in areas where women typically have vellus hair. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Hirsutism

Question 3

Which muscle is responsible for causing 'goosebumps' by pulling the hair follicle upright?

Accepted Answer

Arrector pili muscle

Question 4

Which type of burn involves the epidermis and the upper region of the dermis, often resulting in blisters?

Accepted Answer

Second degree burn

Question 5

A patient has a skin lesion that is asymmetrical, has an irregular border, multiple colors, and a diameter greater than 6 mm. Which type of skin cancer is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Melanoma

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the process of tissue repair where destroyed tissue is replaced with the same type of tissue?

Accepted Answer

Regeneration

Question 7

A man presents with progressive hair loss at the temples and crown of his head. His father had a similar pattern of baldness. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Male-pattern baldness (androgenic alopecia)

Question 8

Which of the following is a complication that can result from severe burns due to loss of skin integrity?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic used in the ABCDE rule for recognizing melanoma?

Accepted Answer

Density

Question 10

A patient has a scar on their arm after a deep cut. Which process led to the formation of this scar?

Accepted Answer

Fibrosis

Question 11

Which type of hair is most likely to be found on the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes?

Accepted Answer

Terminal hair

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why the arrector pili muscle contracts in response to cold or emotional states?

Accepted Answer

To trap a layer of air and provide insulation

Question 13

A patient with a third-degree burn is at greatest risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration and infection

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the 'Rule of Nines' in burn assessment?

Accepted Answer

A method to estimate the percentage of body surface area burned

Question 15

Which of the following is a plausible reason for the presence of hair in the nose?

Accepted Answer

To filter and trap dust particles

Question 16

Which of the following statements about basal cell carcinoma is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It arises from the stratum basale and rarely metastasizes.

Question 17

A patient with an in-grown toenail is experiencing pain and inflammation at the nail edge. Which structure is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Nail fold

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between vellus and terminal hair?

Accepted Answer

Vellus hair is fine and unpigmented; terminal hair is thicker and pigmented.

Question 19

Which of the following is a likely outcome if the nail matrix is severely damaged?

Accepted Answer

The nail will not regrow properly.

Question 20

A patient undergoes laser treatment for hair removal. What is the primary target of this procedure?

Accepted Answer

Hair root and bulb

The Integumentary System III: Hair, Nails, and Skin Pathology

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