Q: Which equation best represents the net filtration pressure (NFP) that drives fluid movement from blood capillaries into interstitial fluid?

$\text{NFP} = (\text{HP}_\text{capillary} + \text{OP}_\text{interstitial}) - (\text{HP}_\text{interstitial} + \text{OP}_\text{capillary})$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic capillaries compared to blood capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries collect excess interstitial fluid, solutes, and pathogens from tissues, acting as one-way valves to prevent return to interstitial space.

Question 2

A patient has a blockage in the right lymphatic duct. Which region of the body would most likely experience lymphatic fluid accumulation (edema)?

Accepted Answer

Right arm, right side of head, and right thorax

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Production of all types of lymphocytes

Question 4

Which equation best represents the net filtration pressure (NFP) that drives fluid movement from blood capillaries into interstitial fluid?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{NFP} = (	ext{HP}_	ext{capillary} + 	ext{OP}_	ext{interstitial}) - (	ext{HP}_	ext{interstitial} + 	ext{OP}_	ext{capillary})$

Question 5

Which lymphatic structure is specialized for the absorption of dietary lipids in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Lacteals

Question 6

Afferent lymphatic vessels carry lymph:

Accepted Answer

From peripheral tissues toward the lymph node

Question 7

Which of the following cells is responsible for cell-mediated immunity and directly attacks infected cells?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 8

Which statement best explains why lymphatic capillaries are more permeable than blood capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries have overlapping endothelial cells that act as one-way valves.

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the thymus?

Accepted Answer

It secretes thymosin, which stimulates T cell differentiation.

Question 10

Which of the following is a major difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Innate immunity provides a general defense against any pathogen, while adaptive immunity targets specific antigens.

Question 11

Which lymphatic duct drains lymph from the left side of the head, left arm, and lower body?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic duct

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of Mucosa-Associated Lymphatic Tissue (MALT)?

Accepted Answer

MALT provides immune surveillance and defense in mucosal surfaces of the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct sequence for lymph flow from peripheral tissues to the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries → lymphatic vessels → lymph nodes → lymphatic trunks → collecting ducts → subclavian veins

Question 14

Which cell type releases perforin to destroy the plasma membrane of target cells?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic T cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE about lymphoid nodules?

Accepted Answer

They are composed of areolar tissue with densely packed lymphocytes.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the process of lymphocyte production (lymphopoiesis)?

Accepted Answer

Hemocytoblasts in bone marrow divide into lymphoid stem cells, which either remain in bone marrow to produce B cells and NK cells or migrate to the thymus to produce T cells.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

Filtering lymph and stopping pathogens before they reach vital organs

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of macrophages in the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

They are large phagocytic cells derived from monocytes and distributed throughout the body.

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the role of helper T cells?

Accepted Answer

Helper T cells stimulate proliferation and differentiation of T cells and B cells.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of plasma cells?

Accepted Answer

Plasma cells produce and secrete antibodies in response to activation by helper T cells.

The Lymphatic System and Immunity: Structure, Function, and Cellular Components

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