Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Producing red blood cells in adults

Question 2

A patient presents with severe swelling in one arm after lymph node removal due to cancer. What is the most likely physiological explanation for this swelling?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of interstitial fluid due to impaired lymphatic drainage

Question 3

Which structure is responsible for the maturation of T lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the flow of lymph through the body?

Accepted Answer

Lymph flows from tissues to the heart, aided by skeletal muscle contraction and respiratory pressure changes

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding lymphatic capillaries?

Accepted Answer

They are closed at one end and have overlapping endothelial cells that act as one-way valves

Question 6

Which lymphatic duct drains lymph from the right side of the head, neck, chest, and right arm?

Accepted Answer

Right lymphatic duct

Question 7

Which of the following is a key difference between lymph nodes and lymph nodules?

Accepted Answer

Lymph nodes are encapsulated, while lymph nodules are not

Question 8

Which region of the spleen is primarily responsible for filtering pathogens and contains mostly lymphocytes and macrophages?

Accepted Answer

White pulp

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a component of the first line of innate immune defense?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis by neutrophils

Question 10

A patient is infected with a virus. Which innate immune response is most directly responsible for inhibiting viral replication in neighboring cells?

Accepted Answer

Interferons

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process of phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Engulfment and digestion of microbes by neutrophils and macrophages

Question 12

Which of the following is a hallmark sign of inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Redness

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

It involves specific recognition of antigens and has memory for faster secondary responses

Question 14

Which immunoglobulin class is most abundant in the blood and can cross the placenta to provide passive immunity to the fetus?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 15

Which cell type is responsible for the destruction of virus-infected cells by releasing perforin and granzymes?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic T cells (Tc)

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

They engulf, process, and present antigens to T cells for activation

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in the inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

Vasodilation → increased permeability → phagocyte migration → tissue repair

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why a secondary immune response is faster and stronger than a primary response?

Accepted Answer

Memory cells generated during the primary response quickly recognize and respond to the antigen

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the red pulp of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Destruction of old red blood cells by macrophages

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the structure of an antibody?

Accepted Answer

A Y-shaped molecule with two heavy and two light chains, and two antigen-binding sites

The Lymphatic System and Immunity: Structure, Function, and Defense Mechanisms

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