Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structural difference between lymphatic capillaries and blood capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries are closed at one end and have overlapping endothelial cells that act as one-way mini valves.

Question 2

A patient has a blockage in the thoracic duct. Which region of the body would most likely experience impaired lymph drainage?

Accepted Answer

Left upper limb, left side of head, and both lower limbs

Question 3

Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ, and what is its main function?

Accepted Answer

Thymus; site of T cell maturation

Question 4

Which equation best represents the flow of lymph from the interstitial fluid to the venous system?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial fluid $$\rightarrow$$ lymphatic capillaries $$\rightarrow$$ collecting lymphatic vessels $$\rightarrow$$ lymphatic trunks $$\rightarrow$$ lymphatic ducts $$\rightarrow$$ brachiocephalic veins

Question 5

Which of the following statements about lymph movement is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lymph movement relies on skeletal muscle contraction, pressure changes during breathing, and valves preventing backflow.

Question 6

A biopsy of a lymph node reveals numerous germinal centers. What is the primary function occurring in these structures?

Accepted Answer

Proliferation and differentiation of B cells in response to antigens

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a component of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) found in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Palatine tonsils

Question 8

Which cell type is primarily responsible for presenting antigens to T cells and initiating the adaptive immune response?

Accepted Answer

Dendritic cells

Question 9

A patient with a damaged spleen is at increased risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Reduced ability to filter blood and remove old erythrocytes

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between diffuse lymphoid tissue and lymphoid follicles?

Accepted Answer

Diffuse lymphoid tissue consists of loosely arranged lymphocytes, while follicles are tightly packed and often contain germinal centers.

Question 11

Which of the following equations correctly represents the drainage area of the right lymphatic duct?

Accepted Answer

Right upper limb $$+$$ right side of head $$+$$ right side of thorax $$\rightarrow$$ right lymphatic duct $$\rightarrow$$ right subclavian vein

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of reticular cells in lymphoid tissues?

Accepted Answer

Form the stroma that supports other cells in lymphoid organs

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a lymphatic trunk and the region it drains?

Accepted Answer

Bronchomediastinal trunk; drains the thoracic organs

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of plasma cells in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Plasma cells produce antibodies specific to the encountered antigen.

Question 15

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between primary and secondary lymphoid organs?

Accepted Answer

Primary lymphoid organs $$\rightarrow$$ lymphocyte maturation; Secondary lymphoid organs $$\rightarrow$$ lymphocyte activation and immune response

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

Produce mature T cells

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of Peyer's patches in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Monitor and respond to pathogens in the intestinal wall

Question 18

A patient has a congenital absence of red bone marrow. Which of the following consequences is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Reduced production of all blood cells, including lymphocytes

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the white pulp in the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Site of immune response to blood-borne antigens

Question 20

Which of the following equations correctly represents the flow of lymph through a lymph node?

Accepted Answer

Afferent lymphatic vessels $$\rightarrow$$ lymph node $$\rightarrow$$ efferent lymphatic vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues: Study Guide

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