Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic vessels in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They return interstitial fluid and leaked plasma proteins back to the blood.

Question 2

A patient undergoes surgery that removes several lymph nodes in the axillary region. Which of the following complications is most likely to occur as a result?

Accepted Answer

Lymphedema in the affected limb due to impaired lymph drainage.

Question 3

Which of the following mechanisms does NOT contribute to the movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels?

Accepted Answer

High-pressure pumping by the heart.

Question 4

Which structure is responsible for filtering lymph and providing a site for immune cell activation?

Accepted Answer

Lymph node

Question 5

A child is born without a thymus. Which aspect of their immune system will be most severely affected?

Accepted Answer

Maturation of T lymphocytes

Question 6

Which of the following is a unique feature of lymphatic capillaries that allows them to absorb large molecules such as proteins and pathogens?

Accepted Answer

Overlapping endothelial cells forming one-way minivalves

Question 7

Which lymphoid organ is the largest and is primarily responsible for removing old red blood cells and platelets from circulation?

Accepted Answer

Spleen

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue)?

Accepted Answer

It guards the body's entryways against pathogens in mucous membranes.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the structure of a lymph node is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lymph nodes have more afferent vessels than efferent vessels, slowing lymph flow for immune surveillance.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the white pulp of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Immune surveillance and lymphocyte proliferation

Question 11

A patient with a ruptured spleen undergoes a splenectomy. Which of the following organs will take over most of the spleen's functions?

Accepted Answer

Liver and bone marrow

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the thymus compared to other lymphoid organs?

Accepted Answer

Its stroma is made of epithelial cells, not reticular fibers.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why physical activity increases lymph flow?

Accepted Answer

It enhances the milking action of skeletal muscles, propelling lymph through vessels.

Question 14

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of lymphatic capillaries being able to absorb cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

Cancer cells can use lymphatic capillaries as a route to metastasize to other parts of the body.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a component of MALT?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of lacteals in the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

They absorb digested fats from the intestine and deliver chyle to the blood.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct pairing of lymphatic trunk and the region it drains?

Accepted Answer

Bronchomediastinal trunk – thoracic organs

Question 18

Which of the following is a plausible outcome if the valves in collecting lymphatic vessels become incompetent?

Accepted Answer

Lymph may flow backward, leading to localized edema.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why lymph nodes are often swollen and tender during an infection?

Accepted Answer

They are overwhelmed by the pathogens they are filtering, leading to inflammation.

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the developmental origin of lymphoid organs?

Accepted Answer

The thymus develops from endoderm, while other lymphoid organs develop from mesenchyme.

The Lymphatic System, Lymphoid Organs, and Immune System: Structure and Function

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