Question 1

Which of the following best explains why the testes are located outside the pelvic cavity in the scrotum?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a temperature lower than core body temperature, which is essential for sperm production

Question 2

A 25-year-old male presents with a painless lump in his testis. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis, and what is the recommended action?

Accepted Answer

Testicular cancer; early detection and self-exam are critical

Question 3

Which structure is responsible for the production of testosterone in the testes?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial (Leydig) cells

Question 4

A patient is diagnosed with cryptorchidism. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

An undescended testis, which can impair sperm production due to higher abdominal temperatures

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the chromosome number changes during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

$$46 \rightarrow 46 \rightarrow 23 \rightarrow 23$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of the bulbourethral (Cowper’s) glands?

Accepted Answer

Secrete a lubricating fluid that neutralizes acidity of residual urine in the urethra

Question 7

A male patient has a sperm count of 15 million/mL. According to clinical standards, which of the following best describes his fertility status?

Accepted Answer

He is considered infertile

Question 8

Which hormone stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to produce testosterone?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 9

A patient presents with a urethral opening on the ventral side of the penis. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Hypospadias

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of the blood-testis barrier?

Accepted Answer

It separates developing sperm from the immune system to prevent autoimmune reactions

Question 11

Which of the following is a major risk factor for cervical cancer and is also associated with penile cancer?

Accepted Answer

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

Question 12

Which of the following best explains the mechanism by which ED medications such as Viagra work?

Accepted Answer

They inhibit phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), increasing cGMP and promoting vasodilation

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct sequence of sperm flow from the testes to the external urethral orifice?

Accepted Answer

Seminiferous tubule → Epididymis → Ductus deferens → Ejaculatory duct → Urethra

Question 14

Which of the following components of semen is responsible for providing energy for sperm motility?

Accepted Answer

Fructose

Question 15

A 60-year-old male presents with difficulty urinating and a digital rectal exam reveals an enlarged, non-tender prostate. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of prostaglandins in semen?

Accepted Answer

They stimulate peristaltic contractions in the female reproductive tract

Question 17

Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases is most likely to cause infertility in women due to scarring of the fallopian tubes?

Accepted Answer

Chlamydia

Question 18

Which of the following is a homologous structure to the penis in females?

Accepted Answer

Clitoris

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of spermiogenesis?

Accepted Answer

The transformation of spermatids into mature spermatozoa by discarding excess cytoplasm and growing tails

The Male Reproductive System: Structure, Function, and Clinical Aspects

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