Question 1

Which structure is responsible for maintaining a cooler temperature for sperm development, and what is the typical temperature difference compared to normal body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Scrotum; 3 degrees cooler

Question 2

A patient presents with undescended testes. What is the medical term for this condition, and what is a significant risk associated with it?

Accepted Answer

Cryptorchidism; increased risk of testicular cancer

Question 3

During a vasectomy, which structure is cut to prevent sperm from reaching the urethra?

Accepted Answer

Ductus deferens

Question 4

Which muscle contracts to shrink the scrotal size in response to increased temperature?

Accepted Answer

Dartos muscle

Question 5

What is the pathway of sperm from production to storage prior to ejaculation?

Accepted Answer

Seminiferous tubules → straight tubule → rete tubule → efferent ducts → ductus epididymis → ampulla

Question 6

Which cell type in the seminiferous tubules is responsible for testosterone production?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial cells of Leydig

Question 7

What is the function of the acrosome in spermatozoa?

Accepted Answer

Contains enzymes to break down hyaluronic acid for egg penetration

Question 8

Which gland contributes the largest volume to seminal fluid and what is its main secretion?

Accepted Answer

Seminal vesicles; alkaline viscous liquid rich in fructose

Question 9

What is the primary function of the bulbourethral (Cowper’s) glands?

Accepted Answer

Provide lubrication for the urethra

Question 10

Which hormone stimulates the Leydig cells to produce testosterone?

Accepted Answer

ICSH (Interstitial Cells Stimulating Hormone)

Question 11

A male patient taking anabolic steroids is likely to experience which effect on his testes?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in testicular size due to reduced endogenous testosterone production

Question 12

Which structure is responsible for the final maturation of sperm before ejaculation?

Accepted Answer

Ampulla

Question 13

What is the correct sequence of cell development during spermatogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Spermatogonia → primary spermatocytes → secondary spermatocytes → spermatids → spermatozoa

Question 14

Which compartment of the penis becomes most engorged with blood during an erection?

Accepted Answer

Corpora cavernosum

Question 15

What is the average pH range of semen, and why is it important?

Accepted Answer

$$7.35-7.50$$; neutralizes vaginal acidity to protect sperm

Question 16

Which hormone initiates spermatogenesis during and after puberty?

Accepted Answer

FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)

Question 17

Which structure is NOT part of the spermatic cord?

Accepted Answer

Seminal vesicle

Question 18

What is the function of Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules?

Accepted Answer

Support and protect developing sperm from autoimmunity

Question 19

Which of the following is a secondary sex characteristic regulated by testosterone?

Accepted Answer

Increase in body hair

Question 20

A patient has a blockage in the prostatic urethra. Which function would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Urination and passage of sperm

The Male Reproductive System: Structure, Function, and Physiology

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