Question 1

Which of the following best describes the action produced by a muscle that crosses on the anterior side of a joint, such as the pectoralis major at the shoulder?

Accepted Answer

Flexion

Question 2

A patient is unable to extend their forearm at the elbow after an injury. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Triceps brachii

Question 3

Which fascicle arrangement is best suited for producing the greatest range of motion but not the greatest power?

Accepted Answer

Parallel

Question 4

A muscle that crosses on the lateral side of a joint, such as the deltoid middle fibers at the shoulder, will produce which movement?

Accepted Answer

Abduction

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a second-class lever in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Standing on tip-toe

Question 6

In a third-class lever system, such as flexing the forearm by the biceps brachii, which of the following is the correct order of the elements from proximal to distal?

Accepted Answer

Load-effort-fulcrum (proximal radius is effort, elbow is fulcrum, hand is load)

Question 7

Which muscle is the prime mover for jaw closure and can be felt bulging when the teeth are clenched?

Accepted Answer

Masseter

Question 8

A patient presents with difficulty abducting their arm at the shoulder. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 9

Which of the following muscles is responsible for compressing the cheek during chewing and is well developed in nursing infants?

Accepted Answer

Buccinator

Question 10

Which muscle is the prime mover of inspiration, forming a partition between the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Question 11

A patient is unable to dorsiflex their foot, causing their toes to drag while walking. Which muscle is most likely paralyzed?

Accepted Answer

Tibialis anterior

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the mechanical advantage of a lever system?

Accepted Answer

Effort is farther from the fulcrum than the load

Question 13

Which muscle group is the prime mover for extension of the leg at the knee and is used in climbing, jumping, and rising from a seated position?

Accepted Answer

Quadriceps femoris

Question 14

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the rotator cuff?

Accepted Answer

Teres major

Question 15

A patient is unable to retract (adduct) their scapula. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Trapezius (middle fibers)

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why bipennate and multipennate muscles are generally more powerful than parallel muscles?

Accepted Answer

They have more muscle fibers packed into a given length

Question 17

Which muscle is responsible for flexing, abducting, and laterally rotating the thigh, and is also known as the 'tailor's muscle'?

Accepted Answer

Sartorius

Question 18

During a forceful expiration, such as coughing, which group of muscles is primarily responsible for compressing the abdominal contents and pushing the diaphragm superiorly?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal wall muscles

Question 19

Which of the following muscles is the main abductor of the thigh and is essential for stabilizing the pelvis during walking?

Accepted Answer

Gluteus medius

Question 20

A patient is unable to voluntarily control urination after pelvic surgery. Which muscle is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

External urethral sphincter

The Muscular System: Structure, Function, and Major Muscles

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