Question 1

Which of the following best describes the arrangement and functional advantage of pennate muscles compared to parallel muscles?

Accepted Answer

Pennate muscles have fascicles that attach obliquely to a central tendon, allowing for greater tension production but less shortening distance.

Question 2

A patient is unable to abduct their arm at the shoulder. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 3

Which lever class is most common in the human body and what is its primary mechanical advantage?

Accepted Answer

Third-class lever; increases speed and range of motion at the expense of force

Question 4

If a muscle is named 'flexor carpi radialis,' what information can you deduce from its name?

Accepted Answer

It flexes the wrist on the radial side

Question 5

Which muscle is the primary agonist for elbow flexion?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Question 6

A muscle that assists the prime mover by stabilizing a joint is called a:

Accepted Answer

Fixator

Question 7

Which of the following muscles is responsible for plantar flexion at the ankle and also contributes to knee flexion?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius

Question 8

Which muscle group is primarily responsible for extension of the knee?

Accepted Answer

Quadriceps femoris

Question 9

A muscle with the term 'oblique' in its name most likely has fibers that:

Accepted Answer

Run at a slant to the longitudinal axis

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the diaphragm?

Accepted Answer

Compresses the abdomen and expands the thoracic cavity during breathing

Question 11

Which muscle is responsible for closing the mouth and pursing the lips?

Accepted Answer

Orbicularis oris

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the action of the sternocleidomastoid muscle when both sides contract together?

Accepted Answer

Flexes the neck

Question 13

Which muscle is the primary antagonist to the biceps brachii during elbow flexion?

Accepted Answer

Triceps brachii

Question 14

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the rotator cuff?

Accepted Answer

Teres major

Question 15

Which muscle is primarily responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle?

Accepted Answer

Tibialis anterior

Question 16

A patient presents with difficulty extending their fingers. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Extensor digitorum

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of a second-class lever in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The load is between the applied force and the fulcrum, allowing a small force to move a large weight

Question 18

Which muscle group is responsible for adduction, flexion, and medial rotation at the hip?

Accepted Answer

Adductor group

Question 19

Which of the following best explains the role of the cardiovascular system in supporting muscular activity during exercise?

Accepted Answer

It delivers oxygen and nutrients to muscles and removes carbon dioxide.

Question 20

Which muscle is responsible for elevating the mandible during chewing?

Accepted Answer

Masseter

The Muscular System: Structure, Function, and Organization

Study Guide - Practice Questions