Question 1

Which structure is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body?

Accepted Answer

Axon

Question 2

Which glial cell is primarily responsible for forming the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 3

A patient suffers damage to the frontal lobe. Which function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Motor control and decision making

Question 4

Which equation best represents the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$V_{m} = \frac{RT}{F} \ln \left( \frac{[K^+]_{in}}{[K^+]_{out}} \right)$$

Question 5

Which region of the brain is primarily responsible for coordination and balance?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 6

If the dorsal root of a spinal nerve is damaged, which function is most likely to be lost?

Accepted Answer

Sensory function

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

Prevents the entry of most pathogens and toxins into the brain

Question 8

Which neurotransmitter is most commonly associated with the parasympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 9

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the right arm. Which part of the spinal cord is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Dorsal horn

Question 10

Which equation describes the propagation speed of an action potential along a myelinated axon?

Accepted Answer

$$v = \sqrt{\frac{d}{R_i C_m}}$$

Question 11

Which structure connects the two cerebral hemispheres?

Accepted Answer

Corpus callosum

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of astrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Producing myelin in the CNS

Question 13

Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for processing visual information?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 14

Which equation best represents the Nernst potential for sodium ions?

Accepted Answer

$$E_{Na} = \frac{RT}{F} \ln \left( \frac{[Na^+]_{out}}{[Na^+]_{in}} \right)$$

Question 15

Which part of the neuron receives incoming signals from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrite

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of the medulla oblongata?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of heart rate and breathing

Question 17

Which equation describes the relationship between membrane potential and ion concentrations for potassium?

Accepted Answer

$$E_{K} = \frac{RT}{F} \ln \left( \frac{[K^+]_{out}}{[K^+]_{in}} \right)$$

Question 18

Which structure is responsible for relaying sensory information to the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of Schwann cells?

Accepted Answer

Forming myelin in the PNS

Question 20

A patient has difficulty speaking and understanding language. Which area of the brain is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Broca's area

The Nervous System: Structure and Function

Study Guide - Practice Questions