Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

It integrates, processes, and coordinates sensory data and motor commands.

Question 2

A patient presents with muscle weakness and loss of coordination. MRI reveals demyelination in the CNS. Which neuroglial cell is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 3

Which structure of a neuron is primarily responsible for receiving stimuli from the environment or other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Question 4

Which type of neuron is most commonly found in the CNS and is responsible for higher functions such as memory and learning?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neuron

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

It increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission.

Question 6

A reflex arc involves several steps. What is the correct order of these steps?

Accepted Answer

Arrival of stimulus, activation of sensory neuron, information processing in CNS, activation of motor neuron, response by effector

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of astrocytes?

Accepted Answer

They form the blood-brain barrier and isolate the CNS from chemicals and hormones in the blood.

Question 8

Which spinal cord region is responsible for innervating the shoulder and upper limbs?

Accepted Answer

Cervical enlargement

Question 9

Which connective tissue layer surrounds individual axons within a spinal nerve?

Accepted Answer

Endoneurium

Question 10

Which of the following circuit patterns allows several neurons to process the same information simultaneously, and must be preceded by divergence?

Accepted Answer

Parallel processing

Question 11

A patient has lost sensation in the skin over the anterior thigh and portions of external genitalia. Which nerve of the lumbar plexus is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Genitofemoral nerve

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

Sorts and filters ascending sensory information before relaying it to the cerebral cortex.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the blood-brain barrier is correct?

Accepted Answer

It biochemically isolates neural tissue of the brain from general circulation.

Question 14

Which type of sensory receptor is best at detecting initial contact and adapts quickly?

Accepted Answer

Tactile corpuscles

Question 15

Which equation correctly represents Ohm's Law as applied to nerve conduction?

Accepted Answer

$$V = I 	imes R$$

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE about the organization of gray matter in the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

The lateral gray horn contains visceral motor neurons.

Question 17

Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (II)

Question 18

A patient is unable to move their diaphragm, resulting in difficulty breathing. Which nerve of the cervical plexus is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Phrenic nerve

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

It coordinates motor commands and controls balance.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the corpus callosum?

Accepted Answer

It connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres, allowing for communication and coordination.

The Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Organization

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