$$E = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \left( \frac{[\text{ion}]_{\text{outside}}}{[\text{ion}]_{\text{inside}}} \right)$$

Question 1

Which structure in the neuron diagram is responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Question 2

Which part of the brain, as shown in the diagram, is primarily responsible for coordination and balance?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 3

Which spinal nerve region is responsible for innervating the diaphragm, as shown in the spinal nerve diagram?

Accepted Answer

Cervical nerves

Question 4

Which glial cell type is responsible for forming the myelin sheath in the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Question 5

During an action potential, which ion rapidly enters the neuron causing depolarization?

Accepted Answer

Sodium (Na$$^+)$$

Question 6

Which cranial nerve is responsible for vision and is classified as a sensory nerve?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (II)

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of the sympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses

Question 8

If a patient has damage to the lumbar spinal nerves, which function is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Leg muscle control

Question 9

Which equation best represents the Nernst equation for calculating the equilibrium potential for an ion?

Accepted Answer

$$E = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \left( \frac{[	ext{ion}]_{	ext{outside}}}{[	ext{ion}]_{	ext{inside}}} ight)$$

Question 10

A patient presents with loss of sensation and movement in the thumb and index finger. Which spinal nerve region is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cervical nerves

Question 11

Which of the following is a mixed cranial nerve, containing both sensory and motor fibers?

Accepted Answer

Trigeminal nerve (V)

Question 12

Which structure in the neuron diagram is responsible for transmitting the action potential away from the cell body?

Accepted Answer

Axon

Question 13

Which brain structure acts as a relay station for sensory information (except smell) to the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus

Question 14

Which of the following best describes saltatory conduction in myelinated axons?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials jump from one node of Ranvier to the next

Question 15

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for 'rest and digest' activities?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct order of events during an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization → Repolarization → Hyperpolarization

Question 17

Which glial cell is responsible for removing debris and pathogens in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Microglia

Question 18

A patient with damage to the sacral spinal nerves would most likely experience problems with which function?

Accepted Answer

Bowel and bladder control

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

Speeds up the transmission of action potentials

Question 20

Which cranial nerve is responsible for controlling most of the muscles of facial expression?

Accepted Answer

Facial nerve (VII)

The Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Anatomy

Study Guide - Practice Questions