Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of mechanoreceptors in the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

They respond to touch, pressure, vibration, stretch, and itch.

Question 2

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and inability to produce facial expressions. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cranial nerve VII: Facial

Question 3

Which connective tissue layer directly surrounds individual axons within a peripheral nerve?

Accepted Answer

Endoneurium

Question 4

If a person loses the ability to discriminate fine touch on the palm, which receptor is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Meissner's corpuscles

Question 5

Which cranial nerve is the only one to extend beyond the head and neck, providing parasympathetic innervation to the heart, lungs, and visceral organs?

Accepted Answer

Cranial nerve X: Vagus

Question 6

Which equation best represents the depolarization process that occurs when a sensory receptor is activated?

Accepted Answer

$$ V_m = V_{rest} + rac{I_{stim}}{g_{mem}} $$

Question 7

Damage to the phrenic nerve would most directly affect which physiological function?

Accepted Answer

Breathing

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding mixed nerves?

Accepted Answer

They carry both sensory and motor impulses to and from the CNS.

Question 9

A patient has lost sensation in the skin overlying the joint and cannot move the joint. According to Hilton’s law, which structure is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

The nerve serving the muscle producing movement at the joint

Question 10

Which receptor is most likely to be involved in detecting hair deflection and rapidly adapting to changes?

Accepted Answer

Hair follicle receptors

Question 11

Which spinal nerve group supplies the muscles and skin of the anterolateral thorax and abdominal wall?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic nerves (T1-T12)

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of proprioceptors?

Accepted Answer

They respond to the degree of stretch of organs they occupy and advise the brain of movements.

Question 13

Which nerve plexus is responsible for innervating the upper limb?

Accepted Answer

Brachial plexus

Question 14

Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting sensory impulses for vision?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (II)

Question 15

A patient with damage to the median nerve would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Impaired movement and sensation in the forearm and hand

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of the oculomotor nerve (III)?

Accepted Answer

Transmitting visual information to the brain

Question 17

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of spinal nerves and their distribution?

Accepted Answer

$$ N_{total} = N_{cervical} + N_{thoracic} + N_{lumbar} + N_{sacral} + N_{coccygeal} $$

Question 18

Which receptor is most likely to be found in the dermal papillae of hairless skin and is responsible for discriminative touch?

Accepted Answer

Meissner's corpuscles

Question 19

Which cranial nerve innervates the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles, allowing movement of the head and neck?

Accepted Answer

Accessory nerve (XI)

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the dorsal root of a spinal nerve?

Accepted Answer

It contains sensory (afferent) fibers.

The Peripheral Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Organization

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards