Question 1

Which structure in the male reproductive system is responsible for producing sperm and testosterone?

Accepted Answer

Testis

Question 2

During meiosis, what is the chromosomal number of the daughter cells produced at the end of Meiosis II?

Accepted Answer

Haploid (n)

Question 3

Which hormone is primarily responsible for triggering ovulation in females?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 4

What is the function of the corpus luteum after ovulation?

Accepted Answer

Secretes progesterone and estrogen

Question 5

Which layer of the uterine wall undergoes cyclic changes and is shed during menstruation?

Accepted Answer

Stratum functionalis of the endometrium

Question 6

What is the primary function of the epididymis?

Accepted Answer

Stores and matures sperm

Question 7

Which structure in the female reproductive system is the site of fertilization?

Accepted Answer

Uterine (fallopian) tube

Question 8

What is the role of prostaglandins in semen?

Accepted Answer

Decrease viscosity of cervical mucus and stimulate reverse peristalsis in the uterus

Question 9

Which cells in the seminiferous tubules are responsible for supporting and nourishing developing sperm?

Accepted Answer

Sustentocytes (Sertoli cells)

Question 10

A vasectomy involves cutting and ligating which structure?

Accepted Answer

Ductus deferens (vas deferens)

Question 11

Which equation correctly represents the reductional division of meiosis I?

Accepted Answer

$$2n \rightarrow n$$

Question 12

What is the main function of the spiral arteries in the uterine endometrium?

Accepted Answer

Cause the functional layer to shed during menstruation

Question 13

During the ovarian cycle, what event marks the transition from the follicular phase to the luteal phase?

Accepted Answer

Ovulation

Question 14

Which hormone is released by the hypothalamus to stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete FSH and LH?

Accepted Answer

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 15

If fertilization does not occur, what happens to the corpus luteum?

Accepted Answer

It degenerates and forms the corpus albicans

Question 16

Which structure in the female reproductive system is homologous to the male penis?

Accepted Answer

Clitoris

Question 17

What is the correct sequence of events in oogenesis from fetal development to adulthood?

Accepted Answer

Oogonia → Primary oocyte → Secondary oocyte → Ovum

Question 18

Which equation represents the chromosomal change during gamete formation in humans?

Accepted Answer

$$2n = 46 \rightarrow n = 23$$

Question 19

Which phase of the uterine (menstrual) cycle is characterized by rebuilding of the endometrium?

Accepted Answer

Proliferative (preovulatory) phase

Question 20

What is the primary function of the bulbourethral glands in the male reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

Produce thick, clear, slightly alkaline mucus to neutralize acidic urine

The Reproductive System: Structure, Function, and Gametogenesis

Study Guide - Practice Questions