Question 1

Which structure in the female reproductive system is responsible for producing female gametes and secreting estrogen and progesterone?

Accepted Answer

Ovary

Question 2

During meiosis, what is the chromosomal number of the daughter cells produced at the end of Meiosis II?

Accepted Answer

Haploid (n)

Question 3

Which hormone is primarily responsible for triggering ovulation in the ovarian cycle?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 4

What is the function of the corpus luteum after ovulation?

Accepted Answer

Produces estrogen and progesterone

Question 5

Which cell type in the seminiferous tubules is responsible for supporting and nourishing developing sperm?

Accepted Answer

Sustentocytes (Sertoli cells)

Question 6

A vasectomy involves cutting and ligating which structure in the male reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

Ductus deferens (vas deferens)

Question 7

Which layer of the uterine wall undergoes cyclic changes and is shed during menstruation?

Accepted Answer

Stratum functionalis of the endometrium

Question 8

What is the main function of prostaglandins in semen?

Accepted Answer

Decrease viscosity of cervical mucus and stimulate reverse peristalsis in the uterus

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents the reductional division of meiosis I?

Accepted Answer

$$2N \rightarrow N$$

Question 10

If fertilization does not occur, what happens to the corpus luteum?

Accepted Answer

It degenerates and forms the corpus albicans

Question 11

Which structure in the male reproductive system is responsible for producing the majority of the volume of semen?

Accepted Answer

Seminal vesicles

Question 12

During the menstrual phase of the uterine cycle, which arteries undergo degeneration and regeneration, causing the functional layer to shed?

Accepted Answer

Spiral arteries

Question 13

Which event occurs during prophase I of meiosis that increases genetic diversity?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes

Question 14

Which hormone stimulates the interstitial cells (Leydig cells) of the testes to produce testosterone?

Accepted Answer

LH

Question 15

What is the correct sequence of events in oogenesis from fetal development to adulthood?

Accepted Answer

Oogonia → Primary oocytes → Secondary oocytes → Ovum

Question 16

Which equation represents the number of chromosomes in a human gamete?

Accepted Answer

$$n = 23$$

Question 17

Which structure in the female reproductive system is the site of fertilization?

Accepted Answer

Uterine tube (fallopian tube)

Question 18

What is the primary function of the epididymis?

Accepted Answer

Store and mature sperm

Question 19

Which hormone is released by the hypothalamus to stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete FSH and LH?

Accepted Answer

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 20

Which phase of the uterine cycle is characterized by rebuilding of the endometrium?

Accepted Answer

Proliferative (preovulatory) phase

The Reproductive System: Structure, Function, and Cellular Processes

Study Guide - Practice Questions