Question 1

Which of the following structures is homologous to the male testes in females?

Accepted Answer

Ovaries

Question 2

What is the primary function of the scrotum?

Accepted Answer

To maintain the testes at a temperature lower than core body temperature

Question 3

Which hormone is released by the hypothalamus to initiate the HPG axis?

Accepted Answer

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 4

During meiosis, what is the result of meiosis II?

Accepted Answer

Separation of sister chromatids into four haploid cells

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of the epididymis?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where sperm mature and gain motility

Question 6

What is the main role of the seminal glands in semen production?

Accepted Answer

They produce an alkaline secretion rich in fructose that nourishes sperm

Question 7

Which muscle contracts to pull the testes closer to the body in response to cold?

Accepted Answer

Cremaster muscle

Question 8

Which of the following is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis produces genetically variable haploid cells, while mitosis produces identical diploid cells

Question 9

What is the function of the blood-testis barrier formed by sustentocytes?

Accepted Answer

To prevent immune attack on developing sperm cells

Question 10

Which hormone directly stimulates Leydig (interstitial) cells to produce testosterone?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 11

A patient presents with a genetic disorder that prevents crossing over during meiosis. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Reduced genetic variability in gametes

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the male sexual response?

Accepted Answer

It causes dilation of penile arterioles, leading to erection

Question 13

Which structure carries both urine and semen to the exterior in males?

Accepted Answer

Urethra

Question 14

What is the effect of inhibin released by sustentocytes?

Accepted Answer

It inhibits the release of FSH from the anterior pituitary

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of testosterone?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the number of chromosomes in sperm

Question 16

A male patient has a mutation that prevents the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the prostate. Which of the following is a likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Impaired development of prostate and external genitalia

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the sequence of sperm movement from the testes to the exterior?

Accepted Answer

Seminiferous tubule → epididymis → ductus deferens → ejaculatory duct → urethra

Question 18

Which component of semen is responsible for activating sperm and is produced by the prostate gland?

Accepted Answer

Citrate and prostate-specific antigen

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why the testes are located outside the abdominopelvic cavity?

Accepted Answer

Sperm production requires a temperature lower than core body temperature

Question 20

Which of the following is a direct effect of FSH on the male reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

Stimulation of sustentocytes to release androgen-binding protein

The Reproductive System: Structure, Function, and Regulation

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