Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between mitosis and meiosis in human cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces two diploid cells, while meiosis produces four haploid cells.

Question 2

A male patient presents with infertility. Examination reveals that his sperm are immobile and incapable of fertilization. Which structure is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Epididymis

Question 3

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of male secondary sex characteristics such as increased muscle mass and deepening of the voice?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Question 4

During spermatogenesis, how many functional sperm cells are produced from one primary spermatocyte?

Accepted Answer

Four

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of the bulbourethral glands?

Accepted Answer

Neutralization of acidic urine in the urethra

Question 6

A woman is diagnosed with a blockage in her uterine tubes. Which process is most likely to be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Fertilization

Question 7

Which layer of the uterus is responsible for the forceful contractions during childbirth?

Accepted Answer

Myometrium

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why the testes are located in the scrotum outside the body cavity?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a temperature lower than core body temperature for optimal spermatogenesis

Question 9

Which structure in the male reproductive system is responsible for propelling sperm forward during ejaculation via peristalsis?

Accepted Answer

Ductus (vas) deferens

Question 10

Which of the following statements about oogenesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Oogonia complete mitosis before birth and primary oocytes remain arrested until puberty.

Question 11

A patient has a mutation that prevents the production of prostaglandins in the seminal vesicles. Which of the following is a likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Decreased smooth muscle contractions in the female reproductive tract

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of the endometrium during the uterine cycle?

Accepted Answer

It thickens and becomes vascularized to support implantation of an embryo.

Question 13

Which of the following is a secondary sex characteristic promoted by estrogen in females?

Accepted Answer

Fat accumulation around hips and thighs

Question 14

If a male has a blockage in his ejaculatory duct, which of the following will most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

Sperm will not be able to enter the urethra during ejaculation.

Question 15

Which of the following equations correctly represents the chromosome number in human gametes after meiosis?

Accepted Answer

$$n = 23$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events during spermatogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Spermatogonia → Primary spermatocyte → Secondary spermatocyte → Spermatid

Question 17

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the female external genitalia (vulva)?

Accepted Answer

Cervix

Question 18

A patient is found to have a deficiency in testosterone. Which of the following symptoms would you expect?

Accepted Answer

Decreased skeletal muscle mass

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why only one functional ovum is produced from each primary oocyte during oogenesis?

Accepted Answer

The other three cells (polar bodies) degenerate.

Question 20

Which of the following is a direct effect of prostaglandins in semen?

Accepted Answer

Stimulate smooth muscle contractions in the female reproductive tract

The Reproductive System: Structure, Function, and Processes

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