Question 1

Which anatomical feature distinguishes the left lung from the right lung?

Accepted Answer

The left lung contains a cardiac notch.

Question 2

During inspiration, which muscle is primarily responsible for increasing thoracic volume?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Question 3

What is the function of pleural fluid in the pleural cavity?

Accepted Answer

It lubricates the lungs, allowing them to glide during breathing.

Question 4

If intrapulmonary pressure ($$P_{pul}) is $$greater than atmospheric pressure ($$P_{atm}$$), what will happen?

Accepted Answer

Air will flow out of the lungs.

Question 5

Which equation best describes the relationship between pressure and volume during pulmonary ventilation?

Accepted Answer

$$P_1$$ $$V_1$$ = $$P_2$$ $$V_2$$

Question 6

A patient with pulmonary fibrosis will experience which change in lung function?

Accepted Answer

Decreased lung compliance

Question 7

Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in forced inhalation?

Accepted Answer

Internal intercostals

Question 8

What happens to intrapleural pressure ($$P_{ip}) $$during inspiration?

Accepted Answer

It becomes more negative.

Question 9

Which physical factor is most directly responsible for the passive nature of quiet expiration?

Accepted Answer

Elastic recoil of lung tissue

Question 10

What is the formula for vital capacity (VC) in terms of lung volumes?

Accepted Answer

$$VC = IRV + TV + ERV$$

Question 11

A patient’s inspiratory capacity (IC) is 3300 mL, and their vital capacity (VC) is 4200 mL. If tidal volume (TV) is 500 mL, what is their expiratory reserve volume (ERV)?

Accepted Answer

900 mL

Question 12

Which condition would result in lung collapse (atelectasis)?

Accepted Answer

Transpulmonary pressure equals atmospheric pressure

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the relationship between gas flow, pressure gradient, and resistance?

Accepted Answer

$$Flow = \frac{\Delta P}{R}$$

Question 14

Premature infants often lack adequate surfactant. What is the consequence of this deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Decreased lung compliance, making it harder to breathe

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the pleurae is correct?

Accepted Answer

The pleural cavity is filled with a thin film of pleural fluid.

Question 16

During forced expiration, which muscles are primarily involved?

Accepted Answer

Oblique and transversus abdominis muscles

Question 17

Which of the following would NOT favor exhalation?

Accepted Answer

$$P_{pul} \u003c P_{atm}$$

Question 18

What is the primary determinant of lung compliance?

Accepted Answer

Distensibility of lung tissue and low alveolar surface tension

Question 19

Which of the following is true regarding the root of the lung?

Accepted Answer

It is the medial entrance for blood vessels, bronchi, lymphatics, and nerves.

Question 20

Which lung volume is measured during quiet inspiration and expiration?

Accepted Answer

Tidal volume

The Respiratory System: Lungs, Pleurae, and Pulmonary Ventilation

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards