Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 2

Which structure is considered part of the respiratory zone where gas exchange occurs?

Accepted Answer

Alveolar sac

Question 3

A patient has a blockage in the right main bronchus. Which lung structures will be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Superior, middle, and inferior lobes of the right lung

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of the paranasal sinuses?

Accepted Answer

They lighten the skull and help warm and moisten air

Question 5

Which anatomical structure is responsible for routing food and air into their proper channels and also houses the vocal folds?

Accepted Answer

Larynx

Question 6

According to Boyle's Law, what happens to the pressure of a gas if the volume of its container is doubled?

Accepted Answer

The pressure is halved

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents Boyle's Law?

Accepted Answer

$$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2$$

Question 8

During quiet inspiration, which muscles are primarily responsible for increasing thoracic volume?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm and external intercostals

Question 9

Which of the following changes occurs as air moves from the bronchi to the bronchioles?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage rings become irregular plates

Question 10

Which cell type in the alveoli is responsible for secreting surfactant?

Accepted Answer

Type II alveolar cells

Question 11

A patient with COPD is using accessory muscles for breathing. Which muscles are likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Scalenes and sternocleidomastoid

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the respiratory membrane?

Accepted Answer

A combination of alveolar and capillary walls with fused basement membranes

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct sequence of airflow from the trachea to the site of gas exchange?

Accepted Answer

Trachea → Main bronchi → Lobar bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveolar ducts → Alveoli

Question 14

Which of the following statements about expiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Expiration is normally passive due to elastic recoil of the lungs

Question 15

Which pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by the air surrounding the body?

Accepted Answer

Atmospheric pressure ($$P_{atm})$$

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why the right main bronchus is more likely to receive an aspirated object than the left?

Accepted Answer

The right main bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the conducting zone of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Cleanses, warms, and humidifies air

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding the transport of carbon dioxide in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Most CO$$_2 is $$transported as HCO$$_3^- ($$bicarbonate ion)

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the effect of increased thoracic volume on intrapulmonary pressure during inspiration?

Accepted Answer

Intrapulmonary pressure decreases

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a region of the pharynx?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottopharynx

The Respiratory System: Structure and Function

Study Guide - Practice Questions