Question 1

Which structure is responsible for changing the shape of the lens to focus light onto the retina?

Accepted Answer

Ciliary body

Question 2

During a cow eye dissection, you observe a jelly-like substance filling the central cavity of the eye. What is this structure and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Vitreous humor; maintains the shape of the eyeball and holds the retina in place

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the pathway of light as it enters the eye?

Accepted Answer

Cornea → aqueous humor → pupil → lens → vitreous humor → retina

Question 4

A patient has difficulty moving their eye laterally. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Abducens nerve (CN VI)

Question 5

Which structure is responsible for the 'blind spot' in the visual field?

Accepted Answer

Optic disc

Question 6

What is the main function of the palpebral conjunctiva?

Accepted Answer

Protects the inner surface of the eyelids and helps lubricate the eye

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the retina is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The fovea centralis contains only cones and is responsible for the sharpest vision

Question 8

If a person enters a dark room after being in a bright room, what happens to their pupil and why?

Accepted Answer

The pupil gets larger to allow more light to enter the eye

Question 9

Which muscle is responsible for rotating the eye medially and is innervated by the trochlear nerve?

Accepted Answer

Superior oblique

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why the sclera is tough and white?

Accepted Answer

It provides structural support and protection for the eye

Question 11

A student accidentally damages the cornea during a dissection. Which of the following functions would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Refraction of light entering the eye

Question 12

Which structure is continuous with the palpebral conjunctiva and covers the white part of the eye?

Accepted Answer

Ocular conjunctiva

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the difference between sensation and perception?

Accepted Answer

Sensation is the activation of sensory receptors, while perception is the conscious interpretation of sensory information

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the lacrimal gland?

Accepted Answer

Produces tears to wash and nourish the cornea

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of the extraocular muscles?

Accepted Answer

Changing the shape of the lens for focusing

Question 16

Which structure contains the highest density of cones and is responsible for the sharpest vision?

Accepted Answer

Fovea centralis

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the choroid layer?

Accepted Answer

Provides blood supply to the retina and other layers of the eyeball

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE about the tapetum lucidum observed in the cow eye dissection?

Accepted Answer

It is not present in humans and enhances night vision in cows

Question 19

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the focal length ($$f$$), object distance ($$d_o$$), and image distance ($$d_i) $$for the lens of the eye?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{d_o} + \frac{1}{d_i}$$

Question 20

A patient is unable to constrict their pupil in response to bright light. Which structure is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Iris

The Senses – Vision: Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye

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