Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 2

Which bone cell type is primarily responsible for bone resorption, and what enzyme does it release to accomplish this?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast; acid phosphatase

Question 3

A patient with a vitamin D deficiency is most likely to develop which of the following bone disorders?

Accepted Answer

Osteomalacia

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the process of endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Bone forms by replacing a hyaline cartilage model

Question 5

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 6

A 10-year-old child suffers a greenstick fracture. Which of the following best explains why this type of fracture is more common in children?

Accepted Answer

Children’s bones contain more organic matrix, making them more flexible

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct order of events in the healing of a bone fracture?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation → Soft callus formation → Bone callus formation → Bone remodeling

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of hydroxyapatite in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Provides hardness and resistance to compression

Question 9

A patient presents with low bone mass and frequent fractures. Laboratory tests show normal blood calcium levels. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the patient’s condition?

Accepted Answer

Lack of weight-bearing exercise and poor nutrition

Question 10

Which of the following statements about compact and spongy bone is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone is composed of osteons, while spongy bone contains trabeculae

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

Anchors tendons and ligaments to bone and contains blood vessels and nerves

Question 12

Which of the following vitamins is essential for the synthesis of collagen in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 13

A patient with a pituitary tumor secreting excess growth hormone after epiphyseal plate closure will most likely develop which condition?

Accepted Answer

Acromegaly

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why osteoporosis is more common in postmenopausal women?

Accepted Answer

Decreased sex hormone levels lead to increased bone resorption

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct sequence of zones in the epiphyseal plate during bone growth in length?

Accepted Answer

Zone of proliferation → Zone of hypertrophy → Zone of calcification → Zone of ossification

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of osteocytes in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Maintain bone matrix and communicate via canaliculi

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-life consequence of removing the organic matrix from bone, as shown in laboratory experiments?

Accepted Answer

Bone becomes brittle and shatters easily

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why weight-bearing exercise increases bone mass?

Accepted Answer

It increases osteoblast activity and stimulates bone deposition

Question 19

Which of the following is the main mineral stored in bone and is critical for nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between red and yellow bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Red marrow produces blood cells, yellow marrow stores triglycerides

The Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Physiology

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