Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones such as insulin

Question 2

Which bone cell type is primarily responsible for breaking down bone matrix during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 3

A patient presents with abnormally thickened facial bones and hands, but normal bone length. Which disorder is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Acromegaly

Question 4

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the composition of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

A combination of collagen fibers and calcium phosphate crystals

Question 6

Which type of bone growth is responsible for the increase in bone length during childhood?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial growth

Question 7

A 70-year-old woman suffers a hip fracture after a minor fall. Her bone scan shows decreased bone density. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why weight-bearing exercise is recommended for bone health?

Accepted Answer

It increases osteoblast activity, promoting bone formation

Question 9

Which of the following joint types allows for the greatest range of movement?

Accepted Answer

Synovial joint

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct pairing of bone classification and example?

Accepted Answer

Long bone – humerus

Question 11

Which process describes the replacement of cartilage with bone during fetal development?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification

Question 12

A patient has a blood calcium level of 7.5 mg/dL (normal: 8.5–10.5 mg/dL). Which hormone would be secreted to correct this imbalance, and what is its effect on bone?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone; increases osteoclast activity

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of articular cartilage in a synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

It absorbs shock and reduces friction between bones

Question 14

Which vitamin is essential for the absorption and transport of calcium and phosphate ions in bone development?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why osteoporosis is more common in postmenopausal women?

Accepted Answer

Decreased estrogen leads to reduced osteoblast activity

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of compact bone but NOT spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Contains osteons

Question 17

A child with achondroplasia will most likely have which of the following features?

Accepted Answer

Short limbs and normal trunk

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the process of bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts remove bone matrix while osteoblasts build new matrix

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of a sesamoid bone?

Accepted Answer

A bone that forms within a tendon, such as the patella

Question 20

Which of the following best explains the difference between a closed (simple) and open (compound) bone fracture?

Accepted Answer

A closed fracture does not break the skin, while an open fracture does

The Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Disorders

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