Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of simple squamous epithelium in the alveoli of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Rapid diffusion of gases due to thinness

Question 2

A patient presents with a genetic defect in connexin proteins. Which cell junction is most likely to be affected, and what is a likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions; impaired electrical and chemical communication between cells

Question 3

Which of the following epithelial specializations would be most abundant in the small intestine to maximize nutrient absorption?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli

Question 4

A gland that releases its product by shedding the apical portion of the cell is using which method of secretion?

Accepted Answer

Apocrine

Question 5

Which of the following is a key difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream; exocrine glands secrete products onto epithelial surfaces or into ducts.

Question 6

Which connective tissue type is primarily responsible for storing energy in the form of triglycerides?

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue

Question 7

A tissue sample from the urinary bladder shows cells that appear cuboidal when relaxed and squamous when stretched. What type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why stratified squamous epithelium is found in the lining of the mouth and esophagus?

Accepted Answer

It provides protection against mechanical and chemical stress.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the basement membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

It consists of a basal lamina and a reticular lamina, providing support and filtration.

Question 10

A patient with a severe burn loses large sheets of skin rather than individual cells. Which intercellular junction is primarily responsible for this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Desmosomes

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of plasma in blood?

Accepted Answer

It is the fluid matrix that transports cells and dissolved substances.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of lymph in the body?

Accepted Answer

Returning interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and monitoring for infection

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between simple and stratified epithelia?

Accepted Answer

Simple epithelia have one layer of cells; stratified epithelia have multiple layers.

Question 14

Which of the following cell junctions would be most important in preventing leakage of digestive enzymes between intestinal epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Providing physical protection to exposed surfaces

Question 16

A biopsy reveals an epithelium with all cells touching the basement membrane but nuclei at different heights, and cilia on the apical surface. What is the most likely tissue type?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why epithelial tissues are avascular?

Accepted Answer

They obtain nutrients by diffusion or absorption from underlying tissues.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct pairing of gland type and secretion method?

Accepted Answer

Sebaceous gland – holocrine secretion

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of hemidesmosomes?

Accepted Answer

They attach epithelial cells to the basement membrane.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains the importance of continual stem cell division in epithelial tissues?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial cells are frequently damaged or lost and must be rapidly replaced.

CH 4: Tissue Level of Organization: Epithelial and Connective Tissues

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