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Practice: Amino Acid Oxidation 2 quiz

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  • Which amino acids are classified as both glucogenic and ketogenic?
    Some amino acids are both glucogenic and ketogenic, meaning they can give rise to both glucose and ketone bodies.
  • What do all amino acids generate during their catabolism?
    All amino acids generate urea as a waste product during their catabolism.
  • Which molecule interacts directly with complex 2 of the electron transport chain?
    FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) interacts directly with complex 2, not amino acids.
  • What is the role of FAD in the electron transport chain?
    FAD acts as a cofactor for complex 2 in the electron transport chain, facilitating electron transfer.
  • What cofactor is required for all amino acid degradation pathways?
    The cofactor required is involved in the first transamination step of amino acid degradation.
  • Where does the conversion of glutamate to alpha-ketoglutarate occur in the cell?
    This conversion occurs in the liver mitochondria.
  • What is the process called when glutamate is converted to alpha-ketoglutarate?
    The process is called oxidative deamination.
  • Which amino acids are catabolized to yield pyruvate?
    Serine, cysteine, and alanine are catabolized to yield pyruvate.
  • How are serine, cysteine, and alanine classified based on their catabolic products?
    They are classified as glucogenic amino acids because they yield pyruvate.
  • What genetic disease results from the inability to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine?
    Phenylketonuria (PKU) results from this metabolic defect.
  • Which enzyme is defective in phenylketonuria?
    The first enzyme in the pathway converting phenylalanine to tyrosine is defective in PKU.
  • What compound is used as a marker to screen babies for phenylketonuria?
    Phenylacetate is used as a marker for phenylalanine conversion issues.
  • Why are infants with phenylketonuria placed on a low phenylalanine diet?
    To prevent developmental problems during early brain development.
  • When is it most critical to manage phenylalanine intake in infants with PKU?
    It is most critical during the early years when the brain is still developing.
  • What is the main purpose of screening newborns for phenylacetate?
    Screening for phenylacetate helps identify infants with PKU to prevent developmental issues.