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Specific Activity definitions

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  • Activity
    Quantitative measure reflecting both the function and amount of a target protein in a sample.
  • Assay
    Experimental test used to detect and quantify the presence and function of a target protein during purification.
  • Target Protein
    Specific protein of interest whose presence and purity are monitored throughout purification steps.
  • Purification
    Process involving sequential techniques to isolate and increase the purity of a desired protein from a mixture.
  • Specific Activity
    Ratio of target protein activity to total protein amount, serving as an indicator of protein purity.
  • Protein Purity
    Degree to which a sample contains only the target protein, often assessed by specific activity.
  • Crude Cellular Extract
    Initial mixture obtained from cells containing a variety of proteins before any purification steps.
  • Salting Out
    Purification technique using salt concentration to precipitate proteins, reducing sample complexity.
  • Ion Exchange
    Chromatography method separating proteins based on their charge properties during purification.
  • Size Exclusion
    Chromatography technique separating proteins by molecular size, aiding in purification.
  • Affinity Chromatography
    Purification method exploiting specific binding interactions to isolate the target protein from a mixture.
  • Total Protein
    Sum of all proteins present in a sample, used as the denominator in specific activity calculations.
  • Sample Volume
    Amount of solution containing proteins, which typically decreases with each purification step.