Question 1

Which of the following structures is found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 2

A scientist discovers a single-celled organism with a nucleoid region, ribosomes, and a cell wall made of peptidoglycan. Which domain does this organism most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 3

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing ATP in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 4

Plant cells differ from animal cells in that they possess which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

Central vacuole, cell wall, and chloroplast

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 6

A cell is observed to have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and a nucleoid region. Which type of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 7

Which of the following equations correctly represents the process of photosynthesis occurring in plant cell chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a similarity between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Both have membrane-bound organelles

Question 9

A mutation causes a plant cell to lose its ability to form a cell wall. Which of the following consequences is most likely?

Accepted Answer

The cell will lose structural support and be more susceptible to osmotic stress.

Question 10

Which structure in prokaryotic cells is primarily responsible for attachment to surfaces and other cells?

Accepted Answer

Fimbriae

Question 11

If a eukaryotic cell is missing its mitochondria, which process will be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

ATP production via cellular respiration

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the genetic code in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes use the same genetic code.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why eukaryotic cells can be much larger than prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles that compartmentalize functions.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of the nucleoid region in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It is a region where DNA is concentrated but not surrounded by a membrane.

Question 16

A cell is observed to have a central vacuole, chloroplasts, and a cell wall made of cellulose. Which type of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 17

Which of the following is a major function of the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis and modification of proteins and lipids

Question 18

Which of the following structures is present in all prokaryotic cells but only some eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of mitochondria in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

They generate ATP by breaking down molecules.

Question 20

A bacterial cell is observed to have fimbriae, a nucleoid, and a glycocalyx. Which of the following is the primary function of the glycocalyx?

Accepted Answer

Protection and prevention of desiccation

A Tour of the Cell: Structure and Diversity of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

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