Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 2

A scientist wants to study the internal structure of mitochondria at very high resolution. Which microscope should they use?

Accepted Answer

Transmission electron microscope (TEM)

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis for export

Question 4

During cell fractionation, what is the expected result if you increase the centrifugation speed?

Accepted Answer

Smaller cell components will be found in the pellet.

Question 5

Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but NOT in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 6

What is the main function of ribosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 7

Which parameter of microscopy determines the minimum distance at which two points can be distinguished as separate?

Accepted Answer

Resolution

Question 8

A cell is observed to have a double membrane, its own DNA, and ribosomes. Which organelle is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A selective barrier composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins

Question 10

Which of the following statements about lysosomes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that function best in acidic environments.

Question 11

A researcher stains a cell with a dye that binds to DNA and observes a region without a surrounding membrane. What type of cell is this most likely?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modification and sorting of proteins

Question 13

Which type of microscopy would be best for visualizing the 3D surface of a cell coated with gold?

Accepted Answer

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

Question 14

Which of the following is true about the nuclear envelope?

Accepted Answer

It contains pores that regulate the entry and exit of molecules.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why mitochondria and chloroplasts are not considered part of the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

They contain their own DNA and ribosomes.

Question 16

Which of the following is a unique feature of eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of membrane-bound organelles

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

It is the site of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis and ribosome assembly.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence of the endomembrane system for a protein destined for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of the nuclear lamina?

Accepted Answer

It maintains the shape of the nucleus by supporting the nuclear envelope.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about cell fractionation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It uses a centrifuge to separate cell components by size and density.

A Tour of the Cell: Structure, Function, and Methods of Study

Study Guide - Practice Questions