Q: Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 2

During aerobic cellular respiration, which molecule is oxidized and which is reduced?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is oxidized; oxygen is reduced.

Question 3

Which process in cellular respiration directly produces the most ATP per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain

Question 4

What is the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It acts as an oxidized cofactor that accepts electrons during redox reactions.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why fermentation occurs in muscle cells during vigorous exercise?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen becomes limited, so cells regenerate NAD+ by converting pyruvate to lactate.

Question 6

How many net ATP molecules are produced from one glucose molecule during aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

$$\approx 30-32$$

Question 7

Which step of cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 8

What is the main purpose of the electron transport chain in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To create a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis

Question 9

Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct summary of lactic acid fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Glucose $$\rightarrow 2 $$pyruvate $$\rightarrow 2 $$lactate

Question 11

Which process produces ATP by directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from a substrate molecule?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation

Question 12

If a cell is unable to regenerate NAD+ during glycolysis, what will most likely happen?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis will stop due to lack of electron acceptors.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the citric acid cycle is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It produces NADH and FADH$$_2$$ that carry electrons to the electron transport chain.

Question 14

What is the main function of ATP synthase in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To use the energy from the proton gradient to synthesize ATP from ADP and phosphate

Question 15

Which of the following is a consequence of high concentrations of ATP and citrate in a cell?

Accepted Answer

They inhibit glycolysis by acting as feedback inhibitors.

Question 16

During alcoholic fermentation, which products are formed from glucose?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol, carbon dioxide, and ATP

Question 17

Which of the following best explains the importance of regenerating NAD+ during fermentation?

Accepted Answer

It allows glycolysis to continue producing ATP in the absence of oxygen.

Question 18

If a mutation prevents the formation of the proton gradient in mitochondria, what would be the most immediate effect on cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthesis by ATP synthase would decrease dramatically.

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE about substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, while oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the electron transport chain.

Question 20

A patient has a genetic defect that prevents FAD from being reduced to FADH$$_2. $$Which part of cellular respiration would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

The citric acid cycle

Aerobic and Anaerobic Cellular Respiration: Pathways, Mechanisms, and Energy Yield

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards