Q: Which of the following reactions represents the process of photosynthesis as it relates to carbohydrate formation?

$$CO_2 + H_2O$$ + \text{sunlight} \rightarrow \text{(CH}_2O\text{)}_n$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the general formula for carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$$C_nH_{2n}O_n$$

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in cells?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing chemical reactions

Question 3

A monosaccharide with a carbonyl group at the end of its carbon chain is classified as a(n):

Accepted Answer

Aldose

Question 4

Which of the following polysaccharides is used for energy storage in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 5

What type of glycosidic linkage is found in cellulose?

Accepted Answer

$$\beta-1$$,4-glycosidic linkage

Question 6

Which enzyme is responsible for hydrolyzing glycogen in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylase

Question 7

Which structural polysaccharide is found in the exoskeletons of insects and the cell walls of fungi?

Accepted Answer

Chitin

Question 8

What is the main difference between amylose and amylopectin?

Accepted Answer

Amylose is unbranched, while amylopectin is branched

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why cellulose is difficult for most organisms to digest?

Accepted Answer

Most organisms lack enzymes to hydrolyze $$\beta-1$$,4-glycosidic linkages

Question 10

Which of the following is a real-life application of glycoproteins and glycolipids in cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

They help the immune system distinguish self from non-self cells

Question 11

Which of the following reactions represents the process of photosynthesis as it relates to carbohydrate formation?

Accepted Answer

$$CO_2 + H_2O$$ + 	ext{sunlight} ightarrow 	ext{(CH}_2O	ext{)}_n$$

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of carbohydrates in ATP production?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is broken down to release energy, which is used to make ATP

Question 13

Which of the following statements about peptidoglycan is correct?

Accepted Answer

It contains short amino acid chains that form peptide bonds between adjacent strands

Question 14

A scientist discovers a polysaccharide with $$\beta-1$$,4-glycosidic linkages and every other monomer flipped. Which polysaccharide is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why starch and glycogen are easily hydrolyzed?

Accepted Answer

They have $$\alpha-$$glycosidic linkages, which are easily broken by enzymes

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct pairing of polysaccharide and its primary biological function?

Accepted Answer

Chitin – structural support in fungi and arthropods

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between an aldose and a ketose sugar?

Accepted Answer

An aldose has a carbonyl group at the end of the carbon chain, while a ketose has it in the middle

Question 18

Which of the following is a direct result of the spatial arrangement of hydroxyl groups in monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Different monosaccharides can have distinct chemical properties and biological roles

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why dietary fiber is important for digestive health?

Accepted Answer

It consists of carbohydrates like cellulose that cannot be digested, aiding in bowel movement

An Introduction to Carbohydrates (General Biology, Chapter 5 Study Notes)

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